: Summary of Revisions. (2016). Diabetes Care, 39(Supplement 1), S4–S5. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-S003
A randomised, 52-week, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with insulin glargine when administered as add-on to glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes. (n.d.). http://link.springer.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/article/10.1007/s00125-007-0911-x/fulltext.html
Akram, J., De Verga, V., & Group, the R. S. (1999). Insulin lispro (Lys(B28), Pro(B29)) in the treatment of diabetes during the fasting month of Ramadan. Diabetic Medicine, 16(10), 867–874. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00164.x
Aldam, P., Levy, N., & Hall, G. M. (2014). Perioperative management of diabetic patients: new controversies. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 113(6), 906–909. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu259
Ali, S., Davies, M. J., Brady, E. M., Gray, L. J., Khunti, K., Beshyah, S. A., & Hanif, W. (2016). Guidelines for managing diabetes in Ramadan. Diabetic Medicine, 33(10), 1315–1329. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13080
Anderson, B., Funnell, M., & American Diabetes Association. (2005). The art of empowerment: stories and strategies for diabetes educators (2nd ed). American Diabetes Association.
Anderson, J. W., Kendall, C. W. C., & Jenkins, D. J. A. (2003). Importance of Weight Management in Type 2 Diabetes: Review with Meta-analysis of Clinical Studies. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 22(5), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2003.10719316
Ashwell, S. G., Amiel, S. A., Bilous, R. W., Dashora, U., Heller, S. R., Hepburn, D. A., Shutler, S. D., Stephens, J. W., & Home, P. D. (2006). Improved glycaemic control with insulin glargine plus insulin lispro: a multicentre, randomized, cross-over trial in people with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 23(3), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01781.x
Bailey, S. (2011). Academic writing: a handbook for international students (3rd ed). Routledge. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=310467
Bajwa, S., Baruah, M., Kalra, S., & Kapoor, M. (2015). Interdisciplinary position statement on management of hyperglycemia in peri-operative and intensive care. Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9185.155141
Bakiner, O., Ertorer, M. E., Bozkirli, E., Tutuncu, N. B., & Demirag, N. G. (2009). Repaglinide plus single-dose insulin glargine: a safe regimen for low-risk type 2 diabetic patients who insist on fasting in Ramadan. Acta Diabetologica, 46(1), 63–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-008-0062-7
Barker, P., Creasey, P. E., Dhatariya, K., Levy, N., Lipp, A., Nathanson, M. H., Penfold, N., Watson, B., & Woodcock, T. (2015). Peri-operative management of the surgical patient with diabetes 2015. Anaesthesia, 70(12), 1427–1440. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.13233
Basal Insulin and Cardiovascular and Other Outcomes in Dysglycemia. (2012). New England Journal of Medicine, 367(4), 319–328. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1203858
Benkhadra, K., Alahdab, F., Tamhane, S., Wang, Z., Prokop, L. J., Hirsch, I. B., Raccah, D., Riveline, J.-P., Kordonouri, O., & Murad, M. H. (2016). Real Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring in type 1 diabetes: A Systematic review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis. Clinical Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13290
Bergenstal, R. M., Johnson, M., Powers, M. A., Wynne, A., Vlajnic, A., Hollander, P., & Rendell, M. (2008). Adjust to Target in Type 2 Diabetes: Comparison of a simple algorithm with carbohydrate counting for adjustment of mealtime insulin glulisine. Diabetes Care, 31(7), 1305–1310. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-2137
Bergenstal, R. M., Rosenstock, J., Arakaki, R. F., Prince, M. J., Qu, Y., Sinha, V. P., Howey, D. C., & Jacober, S. J. (2012). A Randomized, Controlled Study of Once-Daily LY2605541, a Novel Long-Acting Basal Insulin, Versus Insulin Glargine in Basal Insulin-Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 35(11), 2140–2147. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-0060
Bergenstal, R. M., Tamborlane, W. V., Ahmann, A., Buse, J. B., Dailey, G., Davis, S. N., Joyce, C., Peoples, T., Perkins, B. A., Welsh, J. B., Willi, S. M., & Wood, M. A. (2010). Effectiveness of Sensor-Augmented Insulin-Pump Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(4), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1002853
Bretzel, R. G., Nuber, U., Landgraf, W., Owens, D. R., Bradley, C., & Linn, T. (2008). Once-daily basal insulin glargine versus thrice-daily prandial insulin lispro in people with type 2 diabetes on oral hypoglycaemic agents (APOLLO): an open randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 371(9618), 1073–1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60485-7
Burnett, J. C. D. (2006). Long‐ and Short‐Haul Travel by Air: Issues for People With Diabetes on Insulin. Journal of Travel Medicine, 13(5), 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8305.2006.00057.x
Buse, J. B., Bergenstal, R. M., Glass, L. C., Heilmann, C. R., Lewis, M. S., Kwan, A. Y. M., Hoogwerf, B. J., & Rosenstock, J. (2011). Use of Twice-Daily Exenatide in Basal Insulin–Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Annals of Internal Medicine, 154(2). https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-2-201101180-00300
Buse, J. B., Vilsbøll, T., Thurman, J., Blevins, T. C., Langbakke, I. H., Bøttcher, S. G., & Rodbard, H. W. (2014). Contribution of Liraglutide in the Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Degludec and Liraglutide (IDegLira). Diabetes Care, 37(11), 2926–2933. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-0785
Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion for diabetes: systematic review and economic evaluation. (n.d.). http://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/hta/volume-14/issue-11
Crasto, W. (2016a). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W. (2016b). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W. (2016c). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W. (2016d). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W. (2016e). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W. (2016f). Handbook of Insulin Therapies. Adis; 1st ed. 2016 edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4676975
Crasto, W., Jarvis, J., Hackett, E., Nayyar, V., McNally, P. G., Davies, M. J., & Lawrence, I. G. (2009). Insulin U-500 in severe insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 85(1002), 219–222. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2008.073379
Daly, H., Davies, M., Barnett, J., Amin, S., Gray, G., Leonard, J., Northern, A., Crasto, W., Khunti, K., & Jarvis, J. (2015). Development of a self-management education module for those with type 2 diabetes on injectable therapies. Practical Diabetes, 32(8), 305–310a. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.1979
Davies, M. J., & Chatterjee, S. (2017). Trial watch: Insulin initiation for type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 13(6), 317–318. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.41
Davies, M. J., Donnelly, R., Barnett, A. H., Jones, S., Nicolay, C., & Kilcoyne, A. (2009). Exenatide compared with long-acting insulin to achieve glycaemic control with minimal weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes: results of the Helping Evaluate Exenatide in patients with diabetes compared with Long-Acting insulin (HEELA) study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 11(12), 1153–1162. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01154.x
Davies, M. J., Gross, J. L., Ono, Y., Sasaki, T., Bantwal, G., Gall, M. A., Niemeyer, M., & Seino, H. (2014). Efficacy and safety of insulin degludec given as part of basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes: a 26-week randomized, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 16(10), 922–930. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12298
Davies, M. J., Leiter, L. A., Guerci, B., Grunberger, G., Ampudia-Blasco, F. J., Yu, C., Stager, W., Niemoeller, E., Souhami, E., & Rosenstock, J. (2017). Impact of baseline HbA1c, diabetes duration and BMI on clinical outcomes in the LixiLan-O trial testing iGlarLixi (insulin glargine/lixisenatide titratable fixed-ratio combination) versus insulin glargine and lixisenatide monocomponents. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12980
Davies, M., Storms, F., Shutler, S., Bianchi-Biscay, M., & Gomis, R. (2005a). Improvement of Glycemic Control in Subjects With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: Comparison of two treatment algorithms using insulin glargine. Diabetes Care, 28(6), 1282–1288. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.6.1282
Davies, M., Storms, F., Shutler, S., Bianchi-Biscay, M., & Gomis, R. (2005b). Improvement of Glycemic Control in Subjects With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: Comparison of two treatment algorithms using insulin glargine. Diabetes Care, 28(6), 1282–1288. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.6.1282
Diabetes & Metabolism - Présentation - EM consulte. (n.d.). http://www.em-consulte.com/article/80031/alertePM#N1010C
Diamant, M., Van Gaal, L., Stranks, S., Northrup, J., Cao, D., Taylor, K., & Trautmann, M. (2010). Once weekly exenatide compared with insulin glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): an open-label randomised trial. The Lancet, 375(9733), 2234–2243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60406-0
EASD Virtual Meeting. (n.d.). http://www.easdvirtualmeeting.org/resources/systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-sglt2-inhibitors-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes. (2008). New England Journal of Medicine, 358(24), 2545–2559. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0802743
Efficacy and safety of a fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira) compared with its components given alone: results of a phase 3, open-label, randomised, 26-week, treat-to-target trial in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S2213858714701743
Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes Systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison analysis. (n.d.). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/doi/10.1111/dom.12849/epdf
Eng, C., Kramer, C. K., Zinman, B., & Retnakaran, R. (2014). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and basal insulin combination treatment for the management of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 384(9961), 2228–2234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61335-0
Evans, M., Schumm-Draeger, P. M., Vora, J., & King, A. B. (2011). A review of modern insulin analogue pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in type 2 diabetes: improvements and limitations. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 13(8), 677–684. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01395.x
F Game. (2012). Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England. 94(5). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1308/003588412X13171221591655
Fineman, M. S., Cirincione, B. B., Maggs, D., & Diamant, M. (2012). GLP-1 based therapies: differential effects on fasting and postprandial glucose. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 14(8), 675–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01560.x
Frandsen, C. S. S., & Madsbad, S. (2014a). Efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as an add-on to insulin treatment in patients with Type 2 diabetes: a review. Diabetic Medicine, 31(11), 1293–1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12561
Frandsen, C. S. S., & Madsbad, S. (2014b). Efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as an add-on to insulin treatment in patients with Type 2 diabetes: a review. Diabetic Medicine, 31(11), 1293–1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12561
Frisch, A., Chandra, P., Smiley, D., Peng, L., Rizzo, M., Gatcliffe, C., Hudson, M., Mendoza, J., Johnson, R., Lin, E., & Umpierrez, G. E. (2010). Prevalence and Clinical Outcome of Hyperglycemia in the Perioperative Period in Noncardiac Surgery. Diabetes Care, 33(8), 1783–1788. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0304
Fullerton, B., Jeitler, K., Seitz, M., Horvath, K., Berghold, A., & Siebenhofer, A. (1996). Intensive glucose control versus conventional glucose control for type 1 diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009122.pub2
Garber, A. J., Ligthelm, R., Christiansen, J. S., & Liebl, A. (2007). Premixed insulin treatment for type 2 diabetes: analogue or human? Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 9(5), 630–639. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00654.x
Garber, A. J., Wahlen, J., Wahl, T., Bressler, P., Braceras, R., Allen, E., & Jain, R. (2006). Attainment of glycaemic goals in type 2 diabetes with once-, twice-, or thrice-daily dosing with biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 (The 1-2-3 study). Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 8(1), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2005.00563.x
Giugliano, D., Maiorino, M. I., Bellastella, G., Chiodini, P., Ceriello, A., & Esposito, K. (2011). Efficacy of Insulin Analogs in Achieving the Hemoglobin A1c Target of <7% in Type 2 Diabetes: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care, 34(2), 510–517. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-1710
Goudswaard, A. N., Furlong, N. J., Valk, G. D., Stolk, R. P., & Rutten, G. E. (1996). Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003418.pub2
Gough, S. C. L., Bhargava, A., Jain, R., Mersebach, H., Rasmussen, S., & Bergenstal, R. M. (2013). Low-Volume Insulin Degludec 200 Units/mL Once Daily Improves Glycemic Control Similarly to Insulin Glargine With a Low Risk of Hypoglycemia in Insulin-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 26-week, randomized, controlled, multinational, treat-to-target trial: The BEGIN LOW VOLUME trial. Diabetes Care, 36(9), 2536–2542. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-2329
Gregory T. Mucha,Stacia Merkel,William Thomas,John P. Bantle. (n.d.). Fasting and insulin glargine in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=17&docId=GALE%7CA116666633&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA116666633&searchId=R8&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Guevara-Aguirre, J., Guevara, M., Saavedra, J., Mihic, M., & Modi, P. (2004). Beneficial Effects of Addition of Oral Spray Insulin (Oralin) on Insulin Secretion and Metabolic Control in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Suboptimally Controlled on Oral Hypoglycemic Agents. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1089/152091504322783341
Gururaj Setty, S., Crasto, W., Jarvis, J., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2016). New insulins and newer insulin regimens: a review of their role in improving glycaemic control in patients with diabetes. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 92(1085), 152–164. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133716
Gurwitz, J. H. (1994). Glucocorticoids and the Risk for Initiation of Hypoglycemic Therapy. Archives of Internal Medicine, 154(1). https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1994.00420010131015
Hannele Yki-Järvinen. (2013). Is There Evidence to Support Use of Premixed or Prandial Insulin Regimens in Insulin-Naive or Previously Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Diabetes Care, 36(Suppl 2). https://doi.org/doi: 10.2337/dcS13-2026
Hannele Yki-Jarvinen,Leena Juurinen,Michael Alvarsson,Tord Bystedt,Ian Caldwell,Melanie Davies. (n.d.). Initiate insulin by aggressive titration and education (Initiate): randomized study to compare initiation of insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetic patients individually and in groups. Diabetes Care. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?sort=DA-SORT&docType=Clinical+report&tabID=T002&prodId=EAIM&searchId=R1&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&contentSegment=&currentPosition=5&searchResultsType=SingleTab&inPS=true&userGroupName=leicester&docId=GALE%7CA165017903&contentSet=GALE%7CA165017903
Heller, S., Buse, J., Fisher, M., Garg, S., Marre, M., Merker, L., Renard, E., Russell-Jones, D., Philotheou, A., Francisco, A. M. O., Pei, H., & Bode, B. (2012). Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. The Lancet, 379(9825), 1489–1497. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60204-9
Heller, S. R., Colagiuri, S., Vaaler, S., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., Koelendorf, K., Friberg, H. H., Windfeld, K., & Lindholm, A. (2004). Hypoglycaemia with insulin aspart: a double-blind, randomised, crossover trial in subjects with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 21(7), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01244.x
Hermansen, K., & Davies, M. (2007). Does insulin detemir have a role in reducing risk of insulin-associated weight gain? Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 9(3), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00665.x
Hermansen, K., Davies, M., Derezinski, T., Martinez Ravn, G., Clauson, P., & Home, P. (2006). A 26-Week, Randomized, Parallel, Treat-to-Target Trial Comparing Insulin Detemir With NPH Insulin as Add-On Therapy to Oral Glucose-Lowering Drugs in Insulin-Naive People With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29(6), 1269–1274. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc05-1365
Hirsch, I. B., Buse, J. B., Leahy, J., McGill, J. B., Peters, A., Rodbard, H. W., Rubin, R. R., Skyler, J. S., Verderese, C. A., & Riddle, M. C. (2014). Options for prandial glucose management in type 2 diabetes patients using basal insulin: addition of a short-acting GLP-1 analogue versus progression to basal-bolus therapy. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 16(3), 206–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12136
Hirsch, I. B., Franek, E., Mersebach, H., Bardtrum, L., & Hermansen, K. (2017). Safety and efficacy of insulin degludec/insulin aspart with bolus mealtime insulin aspart compared with standard basal-bolus treatment in people with Type 1 diabetes: 1-year results from a randomized clinical trial (BOOST T1). Diabetic Medicine, 34(2), 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13068
Holman, R. R., Farmer, A. J., Davies, M. J., Levy, J. C., Darbyshire, J. L., Keenan, J. F., & Paul, S. K. (2009a). Three-Year Efficacy of Complex Insulin Regimens in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 361(18), 1736–1747. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0905479
Holman, R. R., Farmer, A. J., Davies, M. J., Levy, J. C., Darbyshire, J. L., Keenan, J. F., & Paul, S. K. (2009b). Three-Year Efficacy of Complex Insulin Regimens in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 361(18), 1736–1747. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0905479
Holman, R. R., Farmer, A. J., Davies, M. J., Levy, J. C., Darbyshire, J. L., Keenan, J. F., & Paul, S. K. (2009c). Three-Year Efficacy of Complex Insulin Regimens in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 361(18), 1736–1747. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0905479
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Matthews, D. R., & Neil, H. A. W. (2008). 10-Year Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(15), 1577–1589. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0806470
Holman, R. R., Thorne, K. I., Farmer, A. J., Davies, M. J., Keenan, J. F., Paul, S., & Levy, J. C. (2007a). Addition of Biphasic, Prandial, or Basal Insulin to Oral Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 357(17), 1716–1730. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa075392
Holman, R. R., Thorne, K. I., Farmer, A. J., Davies, M. J., Keenan, J. F., Paul, S., & Levy, J. C. (2007b). Addition of Biphasic, Prandial, or Basal Insulin to Oral Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 357(17), 1716–1730. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa075392
Holman, R. R., & Turner, R. C. (1985). A Practical Guide to Basal and Prandial Insulin Therapy. Diabetic Medicine, 2(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.1985.tb00592.x
Holt, R. I. G. (2010a). Textbook of diabetes (4th ed). Wiley-Blackwell. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=269077
Holt, R. I. G. (2010b). Textbook of diabetes (4th ed). Wiley-Blackwell. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=269077
Holt, R. I. G., Cockram, C., Flyvbjerg, A., & Goldstein, B. J. (2016a). Textbook of Diabetes (5th ed). John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4769056
Holt, R. I. G., Cockram, C., Flyvbjerg, A., & Goldstein, B. J. (2016b). Textbook of Diabetes (5th ed). John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=4769056
Home, P. D. (2012). The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rapid-acting insulin analogues and their clinical consequences. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 14(9), 780–788. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01580.x
Home, P. D., Bergenstal, R. M., Bolli, G. B., Ziemen, M., Rojeski, M., Espinasse, M., & Riddle, M. C. (2015). New Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL Versus Glargine 100 Units/mL in People With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized, Phase 3a, Open-Label Clinical Trial (EDITION 4). Diabetes Care, 38(12), 2217–2225. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0249
Home, P., Riddle, M., Cefalu, W. T., Bailey, C. J., Bretzel, R. G., del Prato, S., Leroith, D., Schernthaner, G., van Gaal, L., & Raz, I. (2014). Insulin Therapy in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities and Challenges? Diabetes Care, 37(6), 1499–1508. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-2743
Hommel, I., van Gurp, P. J., Tack, C. J., Liefers, J., Mulder, J., Wollersheim, H., & Hulscher, M. E. J. L. (2015). Perioperative diabetes care: room for improving the person centredness. Diabetic Medicine, 32(4), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12600
Horvath, K., Jeitler, K., Berghold, A., Ebrahim, S. H., Gratzer, T. W., Plank, J., Kaiser, T., Pieber, T. R., & Siebenhofer, A. (1996a). Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005613.pub3
Horvath, K., Jeitler, K., Berghold, A., Ebrahim, S. H., Gratzer, T. W., Plank, J., Kaiser, T., Pieber, T. R., & Siebenhofer, A. (1996b). Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005613.pub3
Hui, E., Bravis, V., Salih, S., Hassanein, M., & Devendra, D. (2010a). Comparison of Humalog Mix 50 with human insulin Mix 30 in type 2 diabetes patients during Ramadan. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 64(8), 1095–1099. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02347.x
Hui, E., Bravis, V., Salih, S., Hassanein, M., & Devendra, D. (2010b). Comparison of Humalog Mix 50 with human insulin Mix 30 in type 2 diabetes patients during Ramadan. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 64(8), 1095–1099. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02347.x
Hwang, J. L., & Weiss, R. E. (2014). Steroid-induced diabetes: a clinical and molecular approach to understanding and treatment. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 30(2), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.2486
Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. (2008). New England Journal of Medicine, 358(19), 1991–2002. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0707943
Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: the LANMET study. (n.d.). http://link.springer.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/article/10.1007/s00125-005-0132-0/fulltext.html
Insulin treatment and the problem of weight gain in type 2 diabetes. - PubMed - NCBI. (n.d.). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17102158
Intensity of peri-operative glycemic control and postoperative outcomes in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0168822713001873
Ismail-Beigi, F. (2012). Glycemic Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine, 366(14), 1319–1327. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1013127
Jackson, M. J., Patvardhan, C., Wallace, F., Martin, A., Yusuff, H., Briggs, G., & Malik, R. A. (2016). Perioperative management of diabetes in elective patients: a region-wide audit. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 116(4), 501–506. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aev554
Jenkins, K. (2014). II. Needle phobia: a psychological perspective. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 113(1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu013
June James. (n.d.). End-of-life care: Anything but a pathway. http://www.diabetesandprimarycare.co.uk/media/content/_master/3572/files/pdf/dpc15-6-292-7.pdf
June James. (n.d.). Safety and insulin: implementation of national guidance at a local level. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=8&docId=GALE%7CA342482979&docType=Article&sort=RELEVANCE&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA342482979&searchId=R6&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Kahler, P., Grevstad, B., Almdal, T., Gluud, C., Wetterslev, J., Vaag, A., & Hemmingsen, B. (2014). Targeting intensive versus conventional glycaemic control for type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomised clinical trials. BMJ Open, 4(8), e004806–e004806. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004806
Khedkar, A., Iyer, H., Anand, A., Verma, M., Krishnamurthy, S., Savale, S., & Atignal, A. (2010). A dose range finding study of novel oral insulin (IN-105) under fed conditions in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 12(8), 659–664. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01213.x
Kramer, C. K., Zinman, B., & Retnakaran, R. (2013). Short-term intensive insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 1(1), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70006-8
Kuhlmann, M., & Marre, M. (2010). Lessons learned from biosimilar epoetins and insulins. The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, 10(2), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474651409355454
Kutz, A., Struja, T., Hausfater, P., Amin, D., Amin, A., Haubitz, S., Bernard, M., Huber, A., Mueller, B., & Schuetz, P. (2017). The association of admission hyperglycaemia and adverse clinical outcome in medical emergencies: the multinational, prospective, observational TRIAGE study. Diabetic Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13325
L. Luzi. (1989). Effect of loss of first-phase insulin secretion on hepatic glucose production and tissue glucose disposal in humans. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 257(2), E241–E246. http://ajpendo.physiology.org.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/content/257/2/E241
Lambert, K., & Holt, R. I. G. (2013). The use of insulin analogues in pregnancy. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 15(10), 888–900. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12098
Lankisch, M. R., Ferlinz, K. C., Leahy, J. L., & Scherbaum, W. A. (2008). Introducing a simplified approach to insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of two single-dose regimens of insulin glulisine plus insulin glargine and oral antidiabetic drugs. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00967.x
Lasserson, D. S., Glasziou, P., Perera, R., Holman, R. R., & Farmer, A. J. (2009a). Optimal insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia, 52(10), 1990–2000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1468-7
Lasserson, D. S., Glasziou, P., Perera, R., Holman, R. R., & Farmer, A. J. (2009b). Optimal insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia, 52(10), 1990–2000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1468-7
Lea, Mary R. Creme, Phyllis. (2008). Writing At University (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=345134
Levy, N., Penfold, N., & Mythen, M. (2016). Perioperative management of diabetes and the emerging role of anaesthetists as perioperative physicians. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 116(4), 443–447. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aew049
Liu, D., Ahmet, A., Ward, L., Krishnamoorthy, P., Mandelcorn, E. D., Leigh, R., Brown, J. P., Cohen, A., & Kim, H. (2013). A practical guide to the monitoring and management of the complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1710-1492-9-30
Luc JC van Loon. (2000). Plasma insulin responses after ingestion of different amino acid or protein mixtures with carbohydrate. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72(1), 96–105. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/72/1/96.full
Luzio, S. D., Dunseath, G., Lockett, A., Broke-Smith, T. P., New, R. R., & Owens, D. R. (2010). The glucose lowering effect of an oral insulin (Capsulin) during an isoglycaemic clamp study in persons with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 12(1), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01146.x
Manju Chandran,Steven V. Edelman. (n.d.). Have insulin, will fly: diabetes management during air travel and time zone adjustment strategies. (Practical Pointers). Clinical Diabetes. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=3&docId=GALE%7CA100730300&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA100730300&searchId=R2&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Martha M. Funnell. (n.d.). Overcoming barriers to the initiation of insulin therapy. Clinical Diabetes. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?sort=DA-SORT&docType=Article&tabID=T002&prodId=EAIM&searchId=R1&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&contentSegment=&currentPosition=8&searchResultsType=SingleTab&inPS=true&userGroupName=leicester&docId=GALE%7CA159389875&contentSet=GALE%7CA159389875
Matthew C. Riddle,Julio Rosenstock,John Gerich. (n.d.). The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=9&docId=GALE%7CA110470954&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA110470954&searchId=R3&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Mattoo, V., Milicevic, Z., Malone, J. K., Schwarzenhofer, M., Ekangaki, A., Levitt, L. K., Liong, L. H. C., Rais, N., & Tounsi, H. (2003). A comparison of insulin lispro Mix25TM and human insulin 30/70 in the treatment of type 2 diabetes during Ramadan. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 59(2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(02)00202-4
McBain, H., Begum, S., Rahman, S., & Mulligan, K. (2017). Barriers to and enablers of insulin self-titration in adults with Type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study. Diabetic Medicine, 34(2), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13196
McCrimmon, R. J. (2017). Old habits are hard to break: lessons from the study of hypoglycaemia. Diabetic Medicine, 34(2), 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13277
Menting, J. G., Whittaker, J., Margetts, M. B., Whittaker, L. J., Kong, G. K.-W., Smith, B. J., Watson, C. J., Žáková, L., Kletvíková, E., Jiráček, J., Chan, S. J., Steiner, D. F., Dodson, G. G., Brzozowski, A. M., Weiss, M. A., Ward, C. W., & Lawrence, M. C. (2013). How insulin engages its primary binding site on the insulin receptor. Nature, 493(7431), 241–245. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11781
Mollema, E. D., Snoek, F. J., Heine, R. J., & Van Der Ploeg, H. M. (2001). Phobia of self-injecting and self-testing in insulin-treated diabetes patients: opportunities for screening. Diabetic Medicine, 18(8), 671–674. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00547.x
Morçöl, T., Nagappan, P., Nerenbaum, L., Mitchell, A., & Bell, S. J. D. (2004). Calcium phosphate-PEG-insulin-casein (CAPIC) particles as oral delivery systems for insulin. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 277(1–2), 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.07.015
Nathan, D. M. (2014). The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study at 30 Years: Overview. Diabetes Care, 37(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-2112
Nathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Davidson, M. B., Heine, R. J., Holman, R. R., Sherwin, R., & Zinman, B. (2006). Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29(8), 1963–1972. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-9912
Nauck, M. (2016). Incretin therapies: highlighting common features and differences in the modes of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 18(3), 203–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12591
New IDegLira data show rapid and predictable glycaemic improvements in people with type 2 diabetes. (n.d.). http://www.multivu.com/players/English/72762519-novo-nordisk-IDegLira-treatment/
New Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL: Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in a Meta-Analysis of Phase 3a EDITION Clinical Trials in People with T2DM - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S1499267114003086
Owens, D. R. (2013). Stepwise intensification of insulin therapy in Type 2 diabetes management-exploring the concept of the basal-plus approach in clinical practice. Diabetic Medicine, 30(3), 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12019
Owens, D. R., Luzio, S. D., Sert-Langeron, C., & Riddle, M. C. (2011). Effects of initiation and titration of a single pre-prandial dose of insulin glulisine while continuing titrated insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes: a 6-month ‘proof-of-concept’ study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 13(11), 1020–1027. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01459.x
P. Schneiter. (1998). Kinetics of dexamethasone-induced alterations of glucose metabolism in healthy humans. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 275(5), E806–E813. http://ajpendo.physiology.org/content/275/5/E806
Park, S. W., Bebakar, W. M. W., Hernandez, P. G., Macura, S., Hersløv, M. L., & de la Rosa, R. (2017). Insulin degludec/insulin aspart once daily in Type 2 diabetes: a comparison of simple or stepwise titration algorithms (BOOST : SIMPLE USE). Diabetic Medicine, 34(2), 174–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13069
Peter Mansell. (n.d.). The dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) education programme. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=1&docId=GALE%7CA314268073&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA314268073&searchId=R1&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Philip Raskin,Elsie Allen,Priscilla Hollander,Andrew Lewin,Robert A. Gabbay,Peter Hu. (n.d.). Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs. Diabetes Care. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?sort=DA-SORT&docType=Article&tabID=T002&prodId=EAIM&searchId=R5&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&contentSegment=&currentPosition=5&searchResultsType=SingleTab&inPS=true&userGroupName=leicester&docId=GALE%7CA128867472&contentSet=GALE%7CA128867472
Pickup, J. C., Reznik, Y., & Sutton, A. J. (2017). Glycemic Control During Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Versus Multiple Daily Insulin Injections in Type 2 Diabetes: Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Randomized Controlled Trials. Diabetes Care, 40(5), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2201
Pozzilli, P., Manfrini, S., Costanza, F., Coppolino, G., Cavallo, M. G., Fioriti, E., & Modi, P. (2005). Biokinetics of buccal spray insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. Metabolism, 54(7), 930–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2005.02.008
Prandial inhaled insulin plus basal insulin glargine versus twice daily biaspart insulin for type 2 diabetes: a multicentre randomised trial - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0140673610606320
Professor Kamlesh Khunti - Coding, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes. (4 C.E.). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhhWTmEFuag
Raccah, D., Huet, D., Dib, A., Joseph, F., Landers, B., Escalada, J., & Schmitt, H. (2017a). Review of basal-plus insulin regimen options for simpler insulin intensification in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13390
Raccah, D., Huet, D., Dib, A., Joseph, F., Landers, B., Escalada, J., & Schmitt, H. (2017b). Review of basal-plus insulin regimen options for simpler insulin intensification in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13390
Raccah, D., Huet, D., Dib, A., Joseph, F., Landers, B., Escalada, J., & Schmitt, H. (2017c). Review of basal-plus insulin regimen options for simpler insulin intensification in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine, 34(9), 1193–1204. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13390
Raccah, D., Huet, D., Dib, A., Joseph, F., Landers, B., Escalada, J., & Schmitt, H. (2017d). Review of basal-plus insulin regimen options for simpler insulin intensification in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine, 34(9), 1193–1204. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13390
Randomized controlled trial of insulin detemir versus NPH for the treatment of pregnant women with diabetes - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0002937815005931
Richter, B., & Neises, G. (1996). ‘Human’ insulin versus animal insulin in people with diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003816.pub2
Riddle, M. C., Aronson, R., Home, P., Marre, M., Niemoeller, E., Miossec, P., Ping, L., Ye, J., & Rosenstock, J. (2013). Adding Once-Daily Lixisenatide for Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled by Established Basal Insulin: A 24-week, randomized, placebo-controlled comparison (GetGoal-L). Diabetes Care, 36(9), 2489–2496. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-2454
Riddle, M. C., Bolli, G. B., Ziemen, M., Muehlen-Bartmer, I., Bizet, F., & Home, P. D. (2014). New Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL Versus Glargine 100 Units/mL in People With Type 2 Diabetes Using Basal and Mealtime Insulin: Glucose Control and Hypoglycemia in a 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial (EDITION 1). Diabetes Care, 37(10), 2755–2762. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-0991
Riddle, M. C., Rosenstock, J., Vlajnic, A., & Gao, L. (2014). Randomized, 1-year comparison of three ways to initiate and advance insulin for type 2 diabetes: twice-daily premixed insulin versus basal insulin with either basal-plus one prandial insulin or basal-bolus up to three prandial injections. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 16(5), 396–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12225
Rodbard, H. W., Bode, B. W., Harris, S. B., Rose, L., Lehmann, L., Jarlov, H., & Thurman, J. (2017). Safety and efficacy of insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) added to sulphonylurea alone or to sulphonylurea and metformin in insulin-naïve people with Type 2 diabetes: the DUAL IV trial. Diabetic Medicine, 34(2), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13256
Rorsman, P., & Renstr�m, E. (2003). Insulin granule dynamics in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia, 46(8), 1029–1045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-003-1153-1
Rosenstock, J., Bergenstal, R. M., Blevins, T. C., Morrow, L. A., Prince, M. J., Qu, Y., Sinha, V. P., Howey, D. C., & Jacober, S. J. (2013). Better Glycemic Control and Weight Loss With the Novel Long-Acting Basal Insulin LY2605541 Compared With Insulin Glargine in Type 1 Diabetes: A randomized, crossover study. Diabetes Care, 36(3), 522–528. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-0067
Rosenstock, J., Jelaska, A., Frappin, G., Salsali, A., Kim, G., Woerle, H. J., & Broedl, U. C. (2014a). Improved Glucose Control With Weight Loss, Lower Insulin Doses, and No Increased Hypoglycemia With Empagliflozin Added to Titrated Multiple Daily Injections of Insulin in Obese Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 37(7), 1815–1823. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-3055
Rosenstock, J., Jelaska, A., Frappin, G., Salsali, A., Kim, G., Woerle, H. J., & Broedl, U. C. (2014b). Improved Glucose Control With Weight Loss, Lower Insulin Doses, and No Increased Hypoglycemia With Empagliflozin Added to Titrated Multiple Daily Injections of Insulin in Obese Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 37(7), 1815–1823. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-3055
Rosenstock, J., Raccah, D., Koranyi, L., Maffei, L., Boka, G., Miossec, P., & Gerich, J. E. (2013). Efficacy and Safety of Lixisenatide Once Daily Versus Exenatide Twice Daily in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Metformin: A 24-week, randomized, open-label, active-controlled study (GetGoal-X). Diabetes Care, 36(10), 2945–2951. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-2709
Rowles, S., Kilvert, A., & Sinclair, A. (2011a). ABCD position statement on diabetes and end of life care. Practical Diabetes International, 28(1), 26–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.1547
Rowles, S., Kilvert, A., & Sinclair, A. (2011b). ABCD position statement on diabetes and end of life care. Practical Diabetes International, 28(1), 26–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.1547
Russell-Jones, D., & Khan, R. (2007). Insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes – causes, effects and coping strategies. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 9(6), 799–812. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00686.x
Shosuke Satake,Mary Courtney Moore,Kayano Igawa,Margaret Converse,Benjamin Farmer,Doss W. Neal. (n.d.). Direct and indirect effects of insulin on glucose uptake and storage by the liver. (Original Articles). Diabetes. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=2&docId=GALE%7CA87347789&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA87347789&searchId=R8&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true
Simmons, J. H., McFann, K. K., Brown, A. C., Rewers, A., Follansbee, D., Temple-Trujillo, R. E., & Klingensmith, G. J. (2007). Reliability of the Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-Testing Questionnaire in Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30(4), 987–988. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-1553
Simmons, L. R., Molyneaux, L., Yue, D. K., & Chua, E. L. (2012). Steroid-Induced Diabetes: Is It Just Unmasking of Type 2 Diabetes? ISRN Endocrinology, 2012, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/910905
Srinivasan, B. T., & Davies, M. (2014). Glycaemic management of type 2 diabetes. Medicine, 42(12), 711–717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2014.09.011
Srinivasan, B. T., Jarvis, J., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2008). Recent advances in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 84(996), 524–531. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2008.067918
Suggested insulin regimens for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who wish to fast during the month of Ramadan - ClinicalKey. (n.d.). https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0149291808002737
Swinnen, S. G., Simon, A. C., Holleman, F., Hoekstra, J. B., & DeVries, J. H. (1996). Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006383.pub2
Tapley, M., & Needham, E. (2012). Improving end of life care for people with diabetes. Practical Diabetes, 29(8), 306–307a. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.1711
The Effect of Intensive Treatment of Diabetes on the Development and Progression of Long-Term Complications in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. (1993). New England Journal of Medicine, 329(14), 977–986. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199309303291401
Tikkanen-Dolenc, H., Wadén, J., Forsblom, C., Harjutsalo, V., Thorn, L. M., Saraheimo, M., Elonen, N., Rosengård-Bärlund, M., Gordin, D., Tikkanen, H. O., & Groop, P.-H. (2016). Frequent and intensive physical activity reduces risk of cardiovascular events in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-4189-8
Training in flexible, intensive insulin management to enable dietary freedom in people with type 1 diabetes: dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) randomised controlled trial. (2002). BMJ, 325(7367), 746–746. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.325.7367.746
Villani, M., de Courten, B., & Zoungas, S. (2017). Emergency treatment of hypoglycaemia: a guideline and evidence review. Diabetic Medicine, 34(9), 1205–1211. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13379
W. Blair Geho. (2014). A Single-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-ranging Trial of Oral Hepatic-directed Vesicle Insulin Add-on to Oral Antidiabetic Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 8(3). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1177/1932296814524871
Wahren, J., & Kallas, A. (2012). Loss of Pulsatile Insulin Secretion: A Factor in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes? Diabetes, 61(9), 2228–2229. https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-0664
Walker, R. A., Rodgers, J., & Diabetes UK. (2010). Diabetes: a practical guide to managing your health (Fully revised and updated). Dorling Kindersley.
Wang, C., Mamza, J., & Idris, I. (2015). Biphasic vs basal bolus insulin regimen in Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetic Medicine, 32(5), 585–594. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12694
Wang, W., Liu, H., Xiao, S., Liu, S., Li, X., & Yu, P. (2017). Effects of Insulin Plus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) in Treating Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0282-3
Yki-Jarvinen, H., Juurinen, L., Alvarsson, M., Bystedt, T., Caldwell, I., Davies, M., Lahdenpera, S., Nijpels, G., & Vahatalo, M. (2007). Initiate Insulin by Aggressive Titration and Education (INITIATE): A randomized study to compare initiation of insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetic patients individually and in groups. Diabetes Care, 30(6), 1364–1369. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-1357
Yki-Jarvinen, H., & Kotronen, A. (2013). Is There Evidence to Support Use of Premixed or Prandial Insulin Regimens in Insulin-Naive or Previously Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Diabetes Care, 36(Supplement_2), S205–S211. https://doi.org/10.2337/dcS13-2026
Young, L. A., & Buse, J. B. (2014). GLP-1 receptor agonists and basal insulin in type 2 diabetes. The Lancet, 384(9961), 2180–2181. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61409-4
Zambanini, A., Newson, R. B., Maisey, M., & Feher, M. D. (1999). Injection related anxiety in insulin-treated diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 46(3), 239–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(99)00099-6
Zinman, B., Fulcher, G., Rao, P. V., Thomas, N., Endahl, L. A., Johansen, T., Lindh, R., Lewin, A., Rosenstock, J., Pinget, M., & Mathieu, C. (2011). Insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin, once a day or three times a week versus insulin glargine once a day in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 16-week, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. The Lancet, 377(9769), 924–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62305-7
