Acker, J. (2009) ‘The Flow and Ebb of American Capital Punishment’, in Handbook of crime and deviance. Dordrecht: Springer. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://lib.myilibrary.com/detail.asp?id=282686.
et al, Z. (2016) ‘Examining the Iatrogenic Effects of the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study: Existing Explanations and New Appraisals’, 56.
Alex R. Piquero, David P. Farrington and Alfred Blumstein (no date) ‘The Criminal Career Paradigm’, Crime and Justice, 30, pp. 359–506. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1147702.
Andrews, D A (2005) ‘Managing correctional treatment for reduced recidivism: A meta-analytic review of programme integrity’, Legal and Criminological Psychology, 10(2), pp. 173–187. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Managing+correctional+treatment+for+reduced+recidivism%253A+A+meta-analytic+review+of+programme+integrity&rft.jtitle=Legal+and+Criminological+Psychology&rft.au=Andrews%252C+D+A&rft.au=Dowden%252C+C&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.epage=187&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=CJA0380010000766&paramdict=en-US.
Andrews, D.A (1990) ‘Does correctional treatment work? A clinically relevant and psychologically informed meta-analysis’, Criminology [Preprint]. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Does+correctional+treatment+work%253F+A+clinically+relevant+and+psychologically+informed+meta-analysis&rft.jtitle=Criminology&rft.au=Andrews%252C+D.A&rft.date=1990&rft.issn=0011-1384&rft.eissn=1745-9125&rft.spage=369&rft.externalDBID=DRUG&rft.externalDocID=nal_treatment_work_clinically_relevant_80361_DRUG&paramdict=en-US.
Appleton, C. and Grover, B. (2006) ‘The Pros and Cons of Life Without Parole’, British Journal of Criminology, 47(4), pp. 597–615. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azm001.
Atlas, R.I. (2013) 21st century security and CPTED: designing for critical infrastructure protection and crime prevention. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Benjamin Goold (2013) ‘THE BANALITY OF SECURITY: The Curious Case of Surveillance Cameras’, The British Journal of Criminology, 53(6). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=THE+BANALITY+OF+SECURITY%253A+The+Curious+Case+of+Surveillance+Cameras&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.au=Benjamin+Goold&rft.au=Ian+Loader&rft.au=Ang%25C3%25A9lica+Thumala&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.pub=Oxford+Publishing+Limited%2528England%2529&rft.issn=0007-0955&rft.eissn=1464-3529&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=977&rft.externalDocID=3158365981&paramdict=en-US.
Bennett, N. (2002) ‘Themes and variations in Neighbourhood Watch’, in Crime, Policing and Place: Essays in Environmental Criminology. Taylor & Francis Ebooks.
Bennett, Trevor (1991) ‘The effectiveness of a police-initiated fear-reducing strategy’, British Journal of Criminology, 31(1), pp. 1–14. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+effectiveness+of+a+police-initiated+fear-reducing+strategy&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.au=Bennett%252C+Trevor&rft.date=1991&rft.issn=0007-0955&rft.eissn=1464-3529&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=14&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=250682198&paramdict=en-US.
Bennett, Trevor (1996) ‘What’s new in evaluation research? A note on the Pawson and Tilley article’, The British Journal of Criminology, 36(4). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What%2527s+new+in+evaluation+research%253F+A+note+on+the+Pawson+and+Tilley+article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.au=Bennett%252C+Trevor&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.pub=Oxford+Publishing+Limited%2528England%2529&rft.issn=0007-0955&rft.eissn=1464-3529&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=567&rft.externalDocID=10945253&paramdict=en-US.
Bernazzani, O. and Tremblay, R. (2006) ‘Early parent training’, in Preventing Crime: What Works for Children, Offenders, Victims, and Places. Springer, pp. 21–32. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665079230002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Blumstein, A., Wallman, J. and Farrington, D. (2005) The Crime Drop in America [electronic resource]. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5662841610002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Blyth, Maggie, Solomon, Enver, and Centre for Crime and Justice Studies (2009) Prevention and youth crime: is early intervention working? Bristol: Policy Press. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=212124.
Bottoms, A. (2012) ‘Developing socio-spatial criminology’, in The Oxford handbook of criminology. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 450–489.
Bouffard, J.A., Mackenzie, D.L. and Hickman, L.J. (2000) ‘Effectiveness of Vocational Education and Employment Programs for Adult Offenders’, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 31(1–2), pp. 1–41. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1300/J076v31n01_01.
Brantingham, Paul J. and Brantingham, Patricia L. (1991) Environmental criminology. Prospect Heights, Ill: Waveland.
Brantingham, P.J. and Faust, F.L. (1976) ‘A Conceptual Model of Crime Prevention’, Crime & Delinquency, 22(3), pp. 284–296. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/001112877602200302.
Bullock, Karen (2008) ‘Understanding and tackling gang violence’, Crime Prevention, 10(1). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Understanding+and+tackling+gang+violence&rft.jtitle=Crime+Prevention+%2526+Community+Safety&rft.au=Bullock%252C+Karen&rft.au=Tilley%252C+Nick&rft.date=2008-02-01&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan%252C+a+Division+of+Macmillan+Publishers+Ltd&rft.issn=1460-3780&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=174008920&paramdict=en-US.
Butler, F. (2010) ‘Extinguishing All Hope: Life-Without-Parole for Juveniles’, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 49(4), pp. 273–292. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10509671003716035.
Byrne, S. and Pease, K. (2008) ‘Crime Reduction and Community Safety’, in Handbook of policing. 2nd ed. Cullompton: Willan, pp. 341–372. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=389836.
Casey, S. (2013) Foundations of offender rehabilitation. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://lib.myilibrary.com/detail.asp?id=391927.
Choi, K. and Lee, J. (2014) ‘Citizen participation in community safety: a comparative study of community policing in South Korea and the UK’, Policing and Society, pp. 1–20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2014.922087.
Clarke, K. (2006) ‘Childhood, parenting and early intervention: A critical examination of the        Sure Start national programme’, Critical Social Policy, 26(4), pp. 699–721. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261018306068470.
Clarke, R. (2005) ‘Seven misconceptions of situational crime prevention’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
Clarke, R. (2009) ‘Situational Crime Prevention: Theoretical Background and Current Practice’, in Handbook of crime and deviance. Dordrecht: Springer. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://lib.myilibrary.com/detail.asp?id=282686.
Clarke, R. V. G., Tilley, Nick, and Farrell, Graham (2012) The reasoning criminologist: essays in honour of Ronald V. Clarke. London: Routledge. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10542422.
Craig, L., Gannon, T.A. and Dixon, L. (2013) What works in offender rehabilitation: an evidence-based approach to assessment and treatment. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=471471.
Crawford, A. (2000) ‘Situational Crime Prevention, Urban Goverance and Trust Relations’, in Ethical and social perspectives on situational crime prevention. Oxford: Hart.
Crawford, Adam (1998) Crime prevention and community safety: politics, policies and practices. Harlow: Longmans.
Crowe, T.D. and Fennelly, L.J. (2013) Crime prevention through environmental design. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10723006.
Cullen, F., Benson, M. and Makarios, M. (2012) ‘Developmental and life course theories of offending’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665229710002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Cullen, F.T. et al. (2009) ‘Nothing Works Revisited: Deconstructing Farabee’s’, Victims & Offenders, 4(2), pp. 101–123. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/15564880802612565.
Daniel S. Nagin (no date) ‘Criminal Deterrence Research at the Outset of the Twenty-First Century’, Crime and Justice, 23, pp. 1–42. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1147539.
Darke, S. (2011) ‘The enforcement approach to crime prevention’, Critical Social Policy, 31(3), pp. 410–430. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261018311405012.
van Dijk, J., Tseloni, A. and Farrell, G. (2012a) The International Crime Drop: New Directions in Research [electronic resource]. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5662950180002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
van Dijk, J., Tseloni, A. and Farrell, G. (2012b) The International Crime Drop: New Directions in Research [electronic resource]. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5662950180002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Donohue, J (2006) ‘The death panality: No evidence for deterrence DonohueDeter.pdf’. Economists Voice. Available at: http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/DonohueDeter.pdf.
Donohue, J and Wolfers, J (2005) Uses and Abuses of Empirical Evidence in the Death Penalty Debate. Stanford Law Review. Available at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w11982.
DuBois, D.L. et al. (2002) ‘Effectiveness of mentoring programmes for youth: A meta-analytic review’, American Journal of Community Psychology, 30(2), pp. 157–197. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014628810714.
Durlauf, S and Nagin, D (2011) ‘The deterrent effect of imprsionment - Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs - c12078.pdf’. Available at: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c12078.pdf.
Durlauf, S.N. and Nagin, D.S. (2011) ‘Imprisonment and crime’, Criminology & Public Policy, 10(1), pp. 13–54. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00680.x.
Eck, J. (2005) ‘Evaluation for lesson learning’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
Ekblom, P. (2005) ‘Designing products against crime’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
Evans, Karen (2011) Crime prevention: a critical introduction, chapter 1 & 2. Los Angeles: Sage. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10546180.
Farrell, G. et al. (2010) ‘Explaining and sustaining the crime drop: Clarifying the role of opportunity-related theories’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 12(1), pp. 24–41. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/cpcs.2009.20.
Farrell, G. et al. (2011) ‘The Crime Drop and the Security Hypothesis’, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 48(2), pp. 147–175. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427810391539.
Farrington, D et al. (2006) ‘Criminal careers up to age 50 and life success up to age 48: new findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development - 16456515851247828851.pdf’. Available at: http://www.psychblog.co.uk/ForensicPsych/OriginalStudies/16456515851247828851.pdf.
Farrington, D.P. (1997) ‘Evaluating a Community Crime Prevention Program’, Evaluation, 3(2), pp. 157–173. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/135638909700300203.
Farrington, D.P. (1998) ‘Evaluating “Communities that Care”: Realistic Scientific Considerations’, Evaluation, 4(2), pp. 204–210. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/13563899822208536.
Felson, M and Clarke, R (1998) ‘Opportunity Makes the Thief Practical theory for crime prevention - fprs98.pdf’. Available at: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110218135832/rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/prgpdfs/fprs98.pdf.
Felson, Marcus and Boba, Rachel Louise (2010) Crime and everyday life. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications.
France, A. and Homel, R. (2006) Pathways and crime prevention: theory, policy and practice. Cullompton: Willan.
Frazer, L. et al. (2014) ‘Rehabilitation: What does “good” look like anyway?’, European Journal of Probation, 6(2), pp. 92–111. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2066220314540566.
Friedrich Lösel and Andreas Beelmann (no date) ‘Effects of Child Skills Training in Preventing Antisocial Behavior: A Systematic Review of Randomized Evaluations’, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 587, pp. 84–109. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1049949.
Gendreau, Paul (1987) ‘REVIVIFICATION OF REHABILITATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1980s’, Justice Quarterly, 4(3). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=REVIVIFICATION+OF+REHABILITATION%253A+EVIDENCE+FROM+THE+1980s&rft.jtitle=Justice+Quarterly&rft.au=Gendreau%252C+Paul&rft.date=1987-09-01&rft.issn=0741-8825&rft.eissn=1745-9109&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=349&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=157300440004&paramdict=en-US.
Gibson, C.L. and Krohn, M.D. (2013) Handbook of life-course criminology: emerging trends and directions for future research. New York, N.Y.: Springer.
Gill, M. (1997) ‘Employing Ex-Offenders: A Risk or an Opportunity?’, The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 36(4), pp. 337–351. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2311.00063.
Gill, M and Spriggs, A (2005) ‘Assessing the impact of CCTV - Martin gill.pdf’. Available at: https://www.cctvusergroup.com/downloads/file/Martin%2520gill.pdf.
Golash, Deirdre (2005) The case against punishment: retribution, crime prevention, and the law. New York: New York University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5664320230002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Graham Farrell (no date) ‘Five tests for a theory of the crime drop’, Journal of Crime Crime 2:5 [Preprint]. Available at: http://www.crimesciencejournal.com/content/2/1/5.
Graham Farrell, Nick Tilley and A Tseloni (2011) ‘The Effectiveness of Vehicle Security Devices and their role in the Crime Drop’, Criminology and Criminal Justice (11) 1 [Preprint].
Haines, K. and Case, S. (2008) ‘The Rhetoric and Reality of the “Risk Factor Prevention Paradigm” Approach to        Preventing and Reducing Youth Offending’, Youth Justice, 8(1), pp. 5–20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225407087039.
Hamilton-Smith, N. and Kent, A. (2005) ‘The prevention of domestic burglary’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
Harcourt, Bernard E. (2001) Illusion of order: the false promise of broken windows policing. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Hayward, K. (2007) ‘Situational Crime Prevention and its Discontents: Rational Choice Theory versus the ?Culture of Now?’, Social Policy & Administration, 41(3), pp. 232–250. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2007.00550.x.
Hayward, K. (2012) ‘A Response to Farrell’, Social Policy & Administration, 46(1), pp. 21–34. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2011.00812.x.
Hebberecht, P. and Baillergeau, É. (eds) (2012) Social crime prevention in late modern Europe: a comparative perspective. Brussels, Belgium: VUBPress. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10781888.
Hollin, C R (1999) ‘Treatment programs for offenders. Meta-analysis, “what works,” and beyond’, International journal of law and psychiatry, 22(3–4). Available at: https://doi.org/10457930.
Holmes, S.T. (2010) ‘Evaluating CCTV: Why the findings are inconsistent, inconclusive and ultimately irrelevant’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 12(4), pp. 209–232. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/cpcs.2010.13.
Home Office (2009a) ‘Home Office Annual Report - passport_to_evaluation’. Available at: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100413151441/http://crimereduction.homeoffice.gov.uk/learningzone/passport_to_evaluation(complete).pdf.
Home Office (2009b) ‘The Prolific and other Priority Offender Programme five years on: Maximising the impact PPO-5-years-on.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/97811/PPO-5-years-on.pdf.
Home Office (2010) ‘Integrated Offender Management: Key Principles IOM-Key-Principles-Guidance.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/118043/IOM-Key-Principles-Guidance.pdf.
Home Office (2011) ‘Government Crime Reduction Strategy- new-approach-fighting-crime.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/97825/new-approach-fighting-crime.pdf.
Home Office (no date) ‘Modern Crime Prevention Strategy’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/modern-crime-prevention-strategy.
Homel, R. (2005) ‘Developmental Crime Prevention’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Pub. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=209005.
HOPE, T. (2001) ‘Community Crime Prevention in Britain:: A Strategic Overview’, Criminology and Criminal Justice, 1(4), pp. 421–439. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1466802501001004003.
Hopkins, M. and Wickson, J. (2013) ‘Targeting prolific and other priority offenders and promoting pathways to desistance: Some reflections on the PPO programme using a theory of change framework’, Criminology and Criminal Justice, 13(5), pp. 594–614. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895812462595.
Hughes, G. and Edwards, A. (2005) ‘Crime prevention in context’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
JACOBS, B.A. (2010) ‘DETERRENCE AND DETERRABILITY*’, Criminology, 48(2), pp. 417–441. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2010.00191.x.
Johnson, S., Guerette, R. and Bowers, K. (2012) ‘Crime Displacement and the Diffusion of Benefits’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665079220002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Kelling, G. L., W., J.Q. (1982) ‘Broken Windows: The police and neighbourhood safety’. Manhattan Institute. Available at: http://www.manhattan-institute.org/pdf/_atlantic_monthly-broken_windows.pdf.
Kelling, G.L. and Coles, C.M. (1996) Fixing broken windows: restoring order and reducing crime in our communities. New York: Touchstone Books.
Kelly, L. (2012) ‘Representing and Preventing Youth Crime and Disorder: Intended and Unintended Consequences of Targeted Youth Programmes in England’, Youth Justice, 12(2), pp. 101–117. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225412447160.
Lab, S.P. (2014a) Crime prevention: approaches, practices, and evaluations. 8th edition. Amsterdam: Anderson Publishing.
Lab, S.P. (2014b) Crime prevention: approaches, practices, and evaluations. 8th edition. Amsterdam: Anderson Publishing.
Lab, S.P. (2014c) Crime prevention: approaches, practices, and evaluations. 8th edition. Amsterdam: Anderson Publishing.
Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson (no date) ‘Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach’, American Sociological Review, 44(4), pp. 588–608. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2094589.
Lerner, Craig S. (2013) ‘Life without Parole as a Conflicted Punishment’, Wake Forest Law Review, 48. Available at: http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/wflr48&collection=journals&page=1101#1153.
Levitt, S (2004) ‘Understanding why crime fell in the early 1990’s. Four Factors that Explain the decline and six that do not.’, Journal of Economic Perspectives: 18 pp163-190 [Preprint].
Lindsey, G et al. (2008) ‘Parenting early intervention pathfinders evaluation: Final reprt SDQ norms - DCSF-RW054.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/222314/DCSF-RW054.pdf.
Lipsey, M and Cullen, F (no date) The Effectiveness of Correctional Rehabilitation: A Review of Systematic Reviews - Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 3(1):297. Available at: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev.lawsocsci.3.081806.112833.
Loeber, R. (2012) Persisters and desisters in crime from adolescence into adulthood: explanation, prevention, and punishment. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Pub. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10620906.
Loeber, R. and Farrington, D.P. (2012) From juvenile delinquency to adult crime: criminal careers, justice policy, and prevention. New York: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10590418.
Loughran, T.A. et al. (2012) ‘Differential Deterrence: Studying Heterogeneity and Changes in Perceptual Deterrence Among Serious Youthful Offenders’, Crime & Delinquency, 58(1), pp. 3–27. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128709345971.
Ludwig, J. and Bernard-Will, J. (2012) ‘Poverty Deconcentration and the Prevention of Crime’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665079200002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Manning, M., Smith, C. and Homel, R. (2013) ‘Valuing Developmental Crime Prevention’, Criminology & Public Policy, 12(2), pp. 305–332. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12024.
Martinson, Robert (1974) ‘What Works?-Questions and Answers About Prison Reform’, Public Interest [Preprint], (35). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+Works%253F-Questions+and+Answers+About+Prison+Reform&rft.jtitle=Public+Interest&rft.au=Martinson%252C+Robert&rft.date=1974-01-01&rft.issn=0033-3557&rft.issue=35&rft.spage=22&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=g03500460002&paramdict=en-US.
McNeill, F. (2012) ‘Four forms of “offender” rehabilitation: Towards an interdisciplinary perspective’, Legal and Criminological Psychology, 17(1), pp. 18–36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8333.2011.02039.x.
McSweeney, T. and Hough, M. (2005) ‘Drugs and Alcohol’, in Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety. Willan Publishing (UK).
Messner, S. and Zimmerman, G. (2012) ‘Community-level influences on crime and offending’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665079190002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Michael Tonry (2011) ‘Less imprisonment is no doubt a good thing: More policing is not’, Criminology, 10(1). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Less+imprisonment+is+no+doubt+a+good+thing%253A+More+policing+is+not&rft.jtitle=Criminology+%2526+Public+Policy&rft.au=Michael+Tonry&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft.issn=1538-6473&rft.eissn=1745-9133&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=137&rft.externalDBID=CRPP&rft.externalDocID=2276991021&paramdict=en-US.
Millie, A. and Erol, R. (2006) ‘Rehabilitation and Resettlement: A Study of Prolific Offender Case Management in Birmingham, United Kingdom’, International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 50(6), pp. 691–710. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X06287193.
Moffitt, Terrie E (1993) ‘Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy’, Psychological Review, 100(4), pp. 674–701. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Adolescence-limited+and+life-course-persistent+antisocial+behavior%253A+A+developmental+taxonomy&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Review&rft.au=Moffitt%252C+Terrie+E&rft.date=1993&rft.issn=0033-295X&rft.eissn=1939-1471&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=674&rft.epage=701&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=23964553&paramdict=en-US.
Newburn, T. and Souhami, A. (2005) ‘Youth Diversion’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Pub. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=209005.
Oakley, Ann (1998) ‘Public Policy Experimentation: Lessons from America’, Policy Studies, 19(2), pp. 93–114. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Public+Policy+Experimentation%253A+Lessons+from+America&rft.jtitle=Policy+Studies&rft.au=Oakley%252C+Ann&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.issn=0144-2872&rft.eissn=1470-1006&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.epage=114&paramdict=en-US.
Paternoster, Raymond (2010) ‘How much do we really know about criminal deterrence?’, Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 100(3). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+much+do+we+really+know+about+criminal+deterrence%253F&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Criminal+Law+and+Criminology&rft.au=Paternoster%252C+Raymond&rft.date=2010-01-01&rft.pub=Northwestern+University%252C+School+of+Law&rft.issn=0091-4169&rft.eissn=2160-0325&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=765&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=247971640&paramdict=en-US.
Pawson, R. and Tilley, N. (1998) ‘Cook-Book Methods and Disastrous Recipes: A Rejoinder to Farrington’, Evaluation, 4(2), pp. 211–213. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/13563899822208545.
Pawson, Ray (1994) ‘What works in evaluation research? (criminology in the United Kingdom)’, British Journal of Criminology, 34(3). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+works+in+evaluation+research%253F+%2528criminology+in+the+United+Kingdom%2529&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.au=Pawson%252C+Ray&rft.au=Tilley%252C+Nick&rft.date=1994&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.issn=0007-0955&rft.eissn=1464-3529&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.externalDBID=n%252Fa&rft.externalDocID=15756478&paramdict=en-US.
Pawson, Ray (1996) ‘What’s crucial in evaluation research: A reply to Bennett’, The British Journal of Criminology, 36(4). Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What%2527s+crucial+in+evaluation+research%253A+A+reply+to+Bennett&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.au=Pawson%252C+Ray&rft.au=Tilley%252C+Nick&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.pub=Oxford+Publishing+Limited%2528England%2529&rft.issn=0007-0955&rft.eissn=1464-3529&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=574&rft.externalDocID=10945257&paramdict=en-US.
Pawson, Ray and Tilley, Nick (1997) Realistic evaluation. London: Sage Publications.
Philippe, R. and Hope, T. (2009) Evaluating safety and crime prevention policies in Europe. Brussels, Belgium: VUBPress. Available at: https://login.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/login?qurl=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10781875.
Prison Populations and Correctional Outlays: The effect of reducing re-imprisonment - Bureau of Crime Stats And Research New South Wales (no date). Available at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/bocsar/bocsar_mr_cjb138.html?s=751194525.
R. V. G. Clarke (1980) ‘“SITUATIONAL” CRIME PREVENTION: THEORY AND PRACTICE’, The British Journal of Criminology, 20(2), pp. 136–147. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23636692?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Rhodes, Jean E (2006) ‘Understanding and Facilitating the Youth Mentoring Movement. Social Policy Report. Volume 22, Number 3’, Society for Research in Child Development [Preprint]. Available at: http://gl9sn3dh2u.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%253Aofi%252Fenc%253AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Understanding+and+Facilitating+the+Youth+Mentoring+Movement.+Social+Policy+Report.+Volume+22%252C+Number+3&rft.jtitle=Society+for+Research+in+Child+Development&rft.au=Rhodes%252C+Jean+E&rft.au=DuBois%252C+David+L&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=Society+for+Research+in+Child+Development&rft.issn=1075-7031&rft.externalDocID=ED521751&paramdict=en-US.
Ross, A et al. (2011) ‘Prevention and Reduction: A Review of strategies for intervening early to prevent or reduce youth crime and anti-social behaviour DFE-RR-REPORT-TEMPLATE-FRONT-JL - DFE-RR111.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/182548/DFE-RR111.pdf.
Ross, R.R., Fabiano, E.A. and Ewles, C.D. (1988) ‘Reasoning and Rehabilitation’, International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 32(1), pp. 29–35. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X8803200104.
Sampson, R., Eck, J.E. and Dunham, J. (2010) ‘Super controllers and crime prevention: A routine activity explanation of crime prevention success and failure’, Security Journal, 23(1), pp. 37–51. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/sj.2009.17.
Schindler, H. and Yoshikawa, H. (2012) ‘Preventing Crime through Intervention in the  Pre-School Years’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5664780360002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Schneider, R.H. and Kitchen, T. (2007) Crime prevention and the built environment. London: Routledge.
Schneider, S. (2009a) Crime prevention: theory and practice. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC.
Schneider, S. (2009b) Crime prevention: theory and practice. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC.
Schneider, S. (2009c) Crime prevention: theory and practice. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC.
Schneider, Stephen (2009a) Crime prevention: theory and practice. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC.
Schneider, Stephen (2009b) Crime prevention: theory and practice. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC.
Shaftoe, H. and Read, T. (2005) ‘Planning out crime: the appliance of science or an act of faith’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan.
Sherman, L (1997) ‘Communities and Crime Prevention’, in Preventing Crime: What works, what doesn’t, what’s promising. Washington, National Institute of Justice. Available at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/works/chapter3.htm.
Sherman, L.W. (2006) Evidence-based crime prevention. Rev. ed. London: Routledge.
Shute, J. (2013) ‘Family Support as a Gang Reduction Measure’, Children & Society, 27(1), pp. 48–59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-0860.2011.00368.x.
Smith, M. and Clarke, R. (2012) ‘Situational Crime Prevention: Classifying Techniques using “Good Enough Theory”’, in The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665079210002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745.
Smith, Martha J. and Cornish, Derek B (2003) Theory for practice in situational crime prevention. New York: Criminal Justice.
Sutton, Adam, Cherney, Adrian, and White, Rob (2008) Crime prevention: principles, perspectives and practices. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, M. (1998) ‘Combating the Social Exclusion of Housing Estates’, Housing Studies, 13(6), pp. 819–832. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673039883092.
Thomas, R. (2016) ‘Designing in crime by designing out the social? Situational crime prevention and the intensification of harmful subjectivities’, 56.
Tilley, N (2005) ‘Crime prevention and system design’, in Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton: Willan. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=5292831.
Tilley, Nick (2005) Handbook of crime prevention and community safety *E-BOOK*. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Pub. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=209005.
Tilley, N. (2009a) Crime prevention. Collumpton: Willan Publishing.
Tilley, N. (2009b) Crime prevention. Collumpton: Willan Publishing.
Tilley, N. (2009c) Crime prevention. Collumpton: Willan Publishing.
Tilley, N. (2009d) Crime prevention. Collumpton: Willan Publishing.
Tilley, N. (2009e) Crime prevention. Collumpton: Willan Publishing.
Tilley, Nick (2005) Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Pub. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=209005.
Tilley, Nick (2009a) Crime prevention. Cullompton: Willan. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=231250.
Tilley, Nick (2009b) Crime prevention, chapter 1. Cullompton: Willan. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=231250.
Veysey, Bonita (2012) How Offenders Transform Their Lives. Willan. Available at: http://lib.myilibrary.com/Open.aspx?id=246269.
Von Hirsch, Andrew and Bottoms, Anthony E (1999) Criminal deterrence and sentencing severity: an analysis of recent research. Oxford: Hart.
Von Hirsch, Andrew and Committee for the Study of Incarceration (1976) Doing justice: the choice of punishments : report of the Committee for the Study of Incarceration. New York: Hill and Wang.
Warner, B.D., Beck, E. and Ohmer, M.L. (2010) ‘Linking informal social control and restorative justice: moving social disorganization theory beyond community policing’, Contemporary Justice Review, 13(4), pp. 355–369. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2010.517960.
Welsh, B.C., Mudge, M.E. and Farrington, D.P. (2010) ‘Reconceptualizing public area surveillance and crime prevention: Security guards, place managers and defensible space’, Security Journal, 23(4), pp. 299–319. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/sj.2008.22.
Welsh, Brandon C. and Farrington, David P. (2012a) The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398823.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780195398823.
Welsh, Brandon C. and Farrington, David P. (2012b) The Oxford handbook of crime prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398823.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780195398823.
Wong, K et al. (2012) ‘Intensive Alternatives to Custody - Process evaluation of pilots in five areas - iac-process-evaluation-pilots-five-areas.pdf’. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/217394/iac-process-evaluation-pilots-five-areas.pdf.