Bibliography for HS1001 Barbarism and Civilisation: Medieval and Early Modern Europe BETA

1641 Depositions. n.d. http://1641.tcd.ie/.

A Company of Scientists. n.d. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft587006gh;query=botany, patronage, and community;brand=ucpress.

A. T. Grafton and L. Jardine. 1982. ‘Humanism and the School of Guarino: A Problem of Evaluation’. Past & Present (96):51–80. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650510?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Abels, Richard Philip. 1998. Alfred the Great: War, Culture and Kingship in Anglo-Saxon England. Vol. The medieval world. London: Longman.

Abray, Lorna Jane. 1985. The People’s Reformation: Magistrates, Clergy, and Commons, in Strasbourg, 1500-1598. Oxford: Blackwell.

Adamson, J. S. A. 2009. ‘Introduction: High Roads and Blind Alleys: The English Civil War and Its Historiography’. Pp. 1–35 in The English Civil War: conflict and contexts, 1640-49. Vol. Problems in focus. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Airlie, S. 2005. ‘The Captains and the Kings: The Aristocracy in Charlemagne’s Reign’. Pp. 90–102 in Charlemagne: empire and society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Alexandra Walsham. 2000. ‘“Domme Preachers”? Post - Reformation English Catholicism and the Culture of Print’. Past & Present (168):72–123. http://www.jstor.org/stable/651306?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Allmand, Christopher. 2008. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. 7: C.1415-c.1500. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ames, Christine Caldwell. 2009. Righteous Persecution: Inquisition, Dominicans, and Christianity in the Middle Ages. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Ann H. Guggenheim. 1972. ‘The Calvinist Notables of Nimes during the Era of the Religious Wars’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 3(1):80–96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539905?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Anne E. C. McCants. 2009. ‘Historical Demography and the Crisis of the Seventeenth Century’. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 40(2):195–214. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40263653?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Anthony Reid. 1990. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis in Southeast Asia’. Modern Asian Studies 24(4):639–59. http://www.jstor.org/stable/312727?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Archibald, Marion M., Janet Backhouse, D. H. Turner, Leslie Webster, and British Museum. Trustees. 1984. The Golden Age of Anglo-Saxon Art 966-1066. London: British Museum for the Trustees of the British Museum and the British Library Board.

Armitage, David, and M. J. Braddick. 2002. The British Atlantic World, 1500-1800. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Armstrong, Robert. 2007. ‘The Long Parliament Goes to War: The Irish Campaigns, 1641?3’. Historical Research 80(207):73–99. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.2005.00366.x.

Arnold, John. 2005. Belief and Unbelief in Medieval Europe. London: Hodder Arnold.

Asser, John, Michael Lapidge, and Simon Keynes. 1983a. Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Vol. Penguin classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Asser, John, Michael Lapidge, and Simon Keynes. 1983b. Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Astill, Grenville, and John Langdon. 1997. Medieval Farming and Technology: The Impact of Agricultural Change in Northwest Europe. Vol. Technology and change in history. Leiden: Brill.

Aston, T. H. 1965. Crisis in Europe, 1560-1660: Essays from Past and Present. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Attenborough, F. L. 1963. The Laws of the Earliest English Kings. New York: Russell & Russell.

Axtell, James. 1492. Beyond 1492 : Encounters in Colonial North America. Oxford University Press.

Axtell, James. 1985. The Invasion within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial North America. Vol. The cultural origins of North America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Axtell, James. 1988. After Columbus: Essays in the Ethnohistory of Colonial North America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Axtell, James. 2000. Natives and Newcomers: The Cultural Origins of North America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Ayooghi, Sarvenaz, Philippe Cordez, Frank Pohle, Peter van den Brink, and Aachen (Germany). 2014. Karl Der Grosse =: Charlemagne : Exhibition Guide. Dresden: Sandstein-Verl.

Bachrach, Bernard S. 2013. Charlemagne’s Early Campaigns (768-777): A Diplomatic and Military Analysis. Vol. History of warfare. Leiden: Brill.

Bacon, Francis, and Basil Montagu. 1851. Of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning. London: W. Pickering.

Bainton, Roland H. 1971. The Travail of Religious Liberty: Nine Biographical Studies. Hamden, Conn: Archon Books.

Baldwin, John W. 1971. The Scholastic Culture of the Middle Ages, 1000-1300. Vol. Civilization and society. Studies in social economic and cultural history. Lexington, Mass: D.C. Heath.

Barber, Malcolm. 1993. The Two Cities: Medieval Europe, 1050-1320. London: Routledge.

Barker, Francis, Essex Conference on the Sociology of Literature, and University of Essex. 1985. Europe and Its Others: Proceedings of the Essex Conference on the Sociology of Literature, July 1984. Colchester: University of Essex.

Barraclough, Geoffrey. 1978. The Times Atlas of World History. London: Times Books.

Bartlett, Robert. 2000a. England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075-1225. Vol. The New Oxford history of England. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Bartlett, Robert. 2000b. England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075-1225. Vol. The New Oxford history of England. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Bartlett, Robert. 2000c. England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075-1225. The New Oxford History of England. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Baskins, Cristelle Louise. 1998a. Cassone Painting, Humanism, and Gender in Early Modern Italy. Vol. Cambridge studies in new art history and criticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Baskins, Cristelle Louise. 1998b. Cassone Painting, Humanism, and Gender in Early Modern Italy. Vol. Cambridge studies in new art history and criticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bates, D. 2001. ‘Kingship, Government and Political Life to c. 1160’. Pp. 69–98 in The twelfth and thirteenth centuries: 1066-c.1280. Vol. Short Oxford history of the British Isles. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Baxandall, Michael. 1988. Painting and Experience in Fifteenth Century Italy: A Primer in the Social History of Pictorial Style. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

BBC Radio 4 - In Our Time, Alfred and the Battle of Edington. n.d. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p003k9gm.

BBC Radio 4 - In Our Time, The Carolingian Renaissance. n.d. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p003hydz.

Benedict, Philip. 1992. Cities and Social Change in Early Modern France. London: Routledge.

Benedict, Philip. 2002. Christ’s Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Benson, Robert L., Giles Constable, Carol D. Lanham, Charles Homer Haskins, University of California, Los Angeles. Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Harvard University. Committee on Medieval Studies, and Medieval Academy of America. 1991. Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century. Vol. Medieval Academy reprints for teaching. Toronto: University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America.

Bergin, Joseph. 2001. The Seventeenth Century: Europe 1598-1715. Vol. The short Oxford history of Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bernal Diaz Del Castillo The Discovery And Conquest Of Mexico 1517 1521 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. n.d. https://archive.org/details/bernaldiazdelcas002605mbp.

Bernard, G. W. 2012. The Late Medieval English Church: Vitality and Vulnerability before the Break with Rome. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Biagioli, Mario. 1993. Galileo, Courtier: The Practice of Science in the Culture of Absolutism. Vol. Science and its conceptual foundations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Black, Christopher. 1993. Cultural Atlas of the Renaissance. New York: Prentice Hall.

Black, Christopher. 2001. Early Modern Italy: A Social History. Vol. A social history of Europe. London: Routledge.

Black, Christopher F. 2000. Early Modern Italy : A Social History. Routledge.

Blair, John. 2005. Church in Anglo-Saxon Society. Oxford University Press, UK.

Bloch, Marc. 1966. French Rural History: An Essay on Its Basic Characteristics. London: Routledge & K.Paul.

Bouwsma, William J. 1990. A Usable Past: Essays in European Cultural History. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.

Boyle, Robert, Edward B. Davis, and Michael Hunter. 1996. A Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Received Notion of Nature. Vol. Cambridge texts in the history of philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Braddick, M. J. 2000. State Formation in Early Modern England, c. 1550-1700. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press.

Braddick, M. J. 2009. God’s Fury, England’s Fire: A New History of the English Civil Wars. London: Penguin.

Braddick, M. J. 2015. ‘The Civil War and Revolution in England, Scotland and Ireland’. Pp. 3–21 in The Oxford handbook of the English Revolution. Vol. Oxford handbooks in history, edited by M. J. Braddick. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bradshaw, B. 2008. ‘Transalpine Humanism’. Pp. 95–131 in The Cambridge history of political thought, 1450-1700. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brady, Thomas A., Heiko Augustinus Oberman, and James D. Tracy. 1994. Handbook of European History, 1400-1600: Late Middle Ages, Renaissance, and Reformation. Leiden: Brill.

Bray, Warwick and British Academy. 1993. The Meeting of Two Worlds: Europe and the Americas, 1492-1650. Vol. Proceedings of the British Academy. Oxford: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press.

Brendan Bradshaw. 1978. ‘Sword, Word and Strategy in the Reformation in Ireland’. The Historical Journal 21(3):475–502. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2638923?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Brian Pullan. 2005. ‘Catholics, Protestants, and the Poor in Early Modern Europe’. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 35(3):441–56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3657034?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Briggs, Robin. 1998a. Early Modern France, 1560-1715. Vol. Opus. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Briggs, Robin. 1998b. Early Modern France, 1560-1715. Vol. Opus. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Brink, Peter van den, Sarvenaz Ayooghi, Centre Charlemagne (Aachen, Germany), and Karl der Grosse = Charlemagne : Macht, Kunst, Schätze : 3 Ausstellungen in Aachen. 2014. Karl Der Grosse =: Charlemagne, [v.3]: Karls Kunst. Dresden: Sandstein.

Broedel, Hans Peter. 2003. The Malleus Maleficarum and the Construction of Witchcraft: Theology and Popular Belief. Vol. Studies in early modern European history. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Brooke, Christopher Nugent Lawrence. 1969. The Twelfth Century Renaissance. Vol. Library of European civilization. London: Thames and Hudson.

Brooke, John Hedley. 1991. Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives. Vol. Cambridge history of science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brooke, Rosalind, and Christopher N. L. Brooke. 1984. Popular Religion in the Middle Ages: Western Europe 1000 - 1300. London: Thames and Hudson.

Brown, Michelle and British Library. 2007. Manuscripts from the Anglo-Saxon Age. London: British Library.

Bull, Marcus. 2002. France in the Central Middle Ages, 900-1200. Vol. Short Oxford history of France. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bullough, Donald A. 1965. The Age of Charlemagne. London: Elek.

Burke, Peter. 1978. Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe. London: Temple Smith.

Burke, Peter. 1987. The Historical Anthropology of Early Modern Italy: Essays on Perception and Communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Burke, Peter, and Peter Burke. 1987. The Italian Renaissance: Culture and Society in Italy. [New ed]. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bynum, Caroline Walker. 1980. ‘Did the Twelfth Century Discover the Individual?’ The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 31(01):1–17. doi:10.1017/S0022046900036186.

C. Warren Hollister and John W. Baldwin. 1978. ‘The Rise of Administrative Kingship: Henry I and Philip Augustus’. The American Historical Review 83(4):867–905. https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/stable/1867650?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents.

Calloway, Colin G. 1988. New Directions in American Indian History. Vol. D’Arcy McNickle Center bibliographies in American Indian history. Norman, Okla: University of Oklahoma Press.

Calloway, Colin G. 1994. The World Turned Upside down: Indian Voices from Early America. Vol. The Bedford series in history and culture. Boston, Mass: Bedford/St. Martin’s.

Calloway, Colin G. 1997. New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Calloway, Colin G. 2012. First Peoples: A Documentary Survey of American Indian History. 4th ed.th. ed. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martins.

Cameron, Euan. 1991. The European Reformation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Cameron, Euan. 1999. Early Modern Europe: An Oxford History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cameron, K. C., Mark Greengrass, and Penny Roberts. 2000. The Adventure of Religious Pluralism in Early Modern France: Papers from the Exeter Conference, April 1999. Oxford: Peter Lang.

Campbell, James, Eric John, and Patrick Wormald. 1991a. The Anglo-Saxons. Vol. Penguin history. London: Penguin.

Campbell, James, Eric John, and Patrick Wormald. 1991b. The Anglo-Saxons. London: Penguin.

Canny, Nicholas P. 2001. ‘Making Ireland British, 1580-1650’. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198200918.001.0001.

Carroll, Stuart. 2006. ‘Blood and Violence in Early Modern France’. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199290451.001.0001.

Casas, Bartolomé de las, and Nigel Griffin. 1992. A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies. London: Penguin.

Casey, James. 1999a. Early Modern Spain: A Social History. Vol. A social history of Europe. London: Routledge.

Casey, James. 1999b. Early Modern Spain: A Social History. Vol. A social history of Europe. London: Routledge.

Chambers, David S. 1970. Patrons and Artists in the Italian Renaissance. Vol. History in depth. London: Macmillan.

Chambers, David S., Brian Pullan, and Jennifer Fletcher. 1992. Venice: A Documentary History, 1450-1630. Oxford: Blackwell.

Chaplin, Joyce E. 2001. Subject Matter: Technology, the Body, and Science on the Anglo-American Frontier, 1500-1676. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Charles G. Nauert. 1998. ‘Humanism as Method: Roots of Conflict with the Scholastics’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 29(2):427–38. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2544524?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Charles G. Nauert, Jr. 1973. ‘The Clash of Humanists and Scholastics: An Approach to Pre-Reformation Controversies’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 4(1):1–18. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539764?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Châtellier, Louis. 1989. The Europe of the Devout: The Catholic Reformation and the Formation of a New Society. Vol. Past and present publications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chibnall, Marjorie. 1986. Anglo-Norman England 1066-1166. Oxford: Blackwell.

Cholmley, Hugh, Jack Binns, and Yorkshire Archaeological Society. 2000. ‘The Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, Penned for His Sons in 1656, Describing His Wife, Elizabeth (d.1655), Daughter of Sir William Twysen of Great Peckham, Kent’. The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley of Whitby, 1600-1657 Record series / Yorkshire Archaeological Society:105-116–17.

Christine Kooi. 1995. ‘Popish Impudence: The Perseverance of the Roman Catholic Faithful in Calvinist Holland, 1572-1620’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 26(1):75–85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2541526?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Christopher Haigh. 1982. ‘The Recent Historiography of the English Reformation’. The Historical Journal 25(4):995–1007. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2638647?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Clanchy, M. T. 1998a. England and Its Rulers, 1066-1272: Foreign Lordship and National Identity. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell.

Clanchy, M. T. 1998b. England and Its Rulers, 1066-1272: Foreign Lordship and National Identity. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell.

Clanchy, M. T. 2012. From Memory to Written Record: England 1066 - 1307. 3rd ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.

Clark, Peter. 1995. Small Towns in Early Modern Europe. Vol. Themes in international urban history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Clark, Peter, and Paul Slack. 1972. Crisis and Order in English Towns, 1500-1700: Essays in Urban History. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Clark, S. 1997. ‘Witchcraft and the Scientific Revolution’. Pp. 294–312 in Thinking with demons: the idea of witchcraft in early modern Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Clark, William, Jan Golinski, and Simon Schaffer. 1999a. The Sciences in Enlightened Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Clark, William, Jan Golinski, and Simon Schaffer. 1999b. The Sciences in Enlightened Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Coffey, John. 2000. Persecution and Toleration in Protestant England, 1558-1689. Vol. Studies in modern history. Harlow: Longman.

COFFEY, JOHN. 2008. ‘MILTON, LOCKE AND THE NEW HISTORY OF TOLERATION’. Modern Intellectual History 5(03). doi:10.1017/S1479244308001820.

Cohen, H. Floris. 1994. The Scientific Revolution: A Historiographical Inquiry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Cohn, Norman. 1970. The Pursuit of the Millenium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages. Rev. and expanded ed. [3rd ed.]. London: Temple Smith.

Collins, James B., and Karen L. Taylor. 2006. Early Modern Europe: Issues and Interpretations. Malden, Mass: Blackwell.

Collins, Roger. 1998. Charlemagne. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Connolly, S. J. 2008. Divided Kingdom. Oxford University Press.

Connolly, S. J. n.d. Contested Island: Ireland 1460-1630. Oxford History of Early Modern Europe.

Constable, Giles. 1996. The Reformation of the Twelfth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Constance Jordan. 1983. ‘Feminism and the Humanists: The Case of Sir Thomas Elyot’s Defence of Good Women’. Renaissance Quarterly 36(2):181–201. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2860868?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Contreni, J. J. 2008. ‘The Carolingian Renaissance: Education and Literary Culture’. Pp. 758–85 in The new Cambridge medieval history: Vol. 2: c.700-c.900. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cook, Alexandra Parma, and Noble David Cook. 1991. Good Faith and Truthful Ignorance: A Case of Transatlantic Bigamy. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.

Cook, Chris, and Philip Broadhead. 2001. The Longman Handbook of Early Modern Europe, 1453-1763. Harlow: Longman.

Costambeys, Marios, Matthew Innes, and Simon MacLean. 2011. The Carolingian World. Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Coupland, S. 2008. ‘The Vikings in Francia and Anglo-Saxon England to 911’. Pp. 190–201 in The new Cambridge medieval history: Vol. 2: c.700-c.900. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Creighton, O. H. 2002. Castles and Landscapes. Vol. The archaeology of medieval Europe, 1100-1600. London: Continuum.

Creighton, O. H. 2009. Designs upon the Land: Elite Landscapes of the Middle Ages. Vol. Garden and landscape history. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Creighton, O. H. 2012. Early European Castles: Aristocracy and Authority, AD 800-1200. Vol. Duckworth debates in archaeology. London: Bristol Classical Press.

Crick, J. 2009. ‘Nobility’. in A companion to the early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500-1100. Vol. Blackwell companions to British history. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

Cromohs 2004 - Coffery - Recensione a Perez Zagorin, How the Idea of Toleration Came to the West e Andrew Murphy, Conscience and Community... n.d. http://www.cromohs.unifi.it/9_2004/coffey.html.

Crosby, Alfred W. 1986. Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900. Vol. Studies in environment and history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cruickshanks, Eveline. 2000. The Glorious Revolution. Vol. British history in perspective. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Crummey, Robert O. 1987. The Formation of Muscovy 1304-1613. Vol. Longman history of Russia. London: Longman.

Crummey, Robert O. 1998. ‘Muscovy and the “General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century”’. Journal of Early Modern History 2(2):156–80. doi:10.1163/157006598X00144.

Cunliffe, Barry. 2001. The Penguin Atlas of British and Irish History. London: Penguin.

Cunningham, Andrew, and Ole Peter Grell. 2000. War, Famine, Disease, and Gospel in Reformation Europe: The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Darby, H. C. 1971. The Domesday Geography of Eastern England. [3d ed.]. Cambridge [Eng.]: University Press.

Darby, H. C., and Elia Muriel Joice Campbell. 1962. The Domesday Geography of South-East England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Darby, H. C., and R. Welldon Finn. 1967. The Domesday Geography of South-West England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Darby, H. C., and I. S. Maxwell. 1962. The Domesday Geography of Northern England. Vol. The Domesday geography of England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Darby, H. C., and I. B. Terrett. 2009. The Domesday Geography of Midland England. Vol. Domesday geography of England. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Daston, Lorraine, and Katharine Park. 1998. Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750. New York: Zone Books.

Daunton, M. J., and Rick Halpern. 1999. Empire and Others: British Encounters with Indigenous Peoples, 1600-1850. London: UCL Press.

Davidson, N. S. 1987. The Counter-Reformation. Vol. Historical Association. Studies. Oxford: Blackwell.

Davies, M. 2006. ‘Humanism in Script and Print in the Fifteenth Century’. Pp. 47–62 in The Cambridge companion to Renaissance humanism. Vol. Cambridge companions to literature and classics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Davies, Norman. 1996. Europe: A History. London: BCA by arrangement with Oxford University Press.

Davis, Natalie Zemon. 1975. Society and Culture in Early Modern France. London: Duckworth.

Davis, R. H. C. 2006. A History of Medieval Europe from Constantine to Saint Louis. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson.

Dear, Peter. 1997. The Scientific Enterprise in Early Modern Europe: Readings from Isis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Dear, Peter. 1998. ‘A Mechanical Microcosm: Bodily Passions, Good Manners, and Cartesian Mechanism’. Pp. 51–82 in Science incarnate: historical embodiments of natural knowledge. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press.

Delumeau, Jean. 1977. Catholicism between Luther and Voltaire: A New View of the Counter-Reformation. London: Burns and Oates.

Desan, Philippe. 1991. Humanism in Crisis: The Decline of the French Renaissance. Vol. Studies in medieval and early modern civilization. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Press.

Dickson, Gary. 2007. The Children’s Crusade: Medieval History, Modern Mythistory. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Ditchburn, David, Simon MacLean, and Angus MacKay. 1997. Atlas of Medieval Europe. London: Routledge.

Dixon, C. Scott. 2002. The Reformation in Germany. Vol. Historical Association. Studies. Oxford: Blackwell.

Dixon, C. Scott, Dagmar Freist, and Mark Greengrass. 2009. Living with Religious Diversity in Early-Modern Europe. Vol. St. Andrews studies in Reformation history. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate.

Douglas, David C., and George William Greenaway. 1981. ‘English Historical Documents: 2: 1042-1189’. London: Eyre Methuen.

Douglas, David C., and Dorothy Whitelock. 1996. English Historical Documents: Vol.1: C.500-1042. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Doyle, William. 1992. The Old European Order, 1660-1800. Vol. The short Oxford history of the modern world. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Doyle, William. 2000a. Jansenism: Catholic Resistance to Authority from the Reformation to the French Revolution. Vol. Studies in European history. Houndmills: Macmillan Press.

Doyle, William. 2000b. Jansenism: Catholic Resistance to Authority from the Reformation to the French Revolution. Vol. Studies in European history. Houndmills: Macmillan Press.

Duby, Georges. 1980. The Three Orders: Feudal Society Imagined. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Duffy, Eamon. 1992. The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, c.1400-c.1580. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Duffy, Eamon. 2006. Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes. 3rd ed. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, in association with S4C (Wales).

Duffy, Eamon, and Christopher Trychay. 2001. The Voices of Morebath: Reformation and Rebellion in an English Village. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Duke, Alastair C., Gillian Lewis, and Andrew Pettegree. 1992. Calvinism in Europe, 1540-1610: A Collection of Documents. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Dutton, Paul Edward. 1993. Carolingian Civilization: A Reader. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Dutton, Paul Edward. 2008. ‘An Introduction to Einhard’. Pp. xi–xli in Charlemagne’s courtier: the complete Einhard. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Dutton, Paul Edward and Einhard. 2008. Charlemagne’s Courtier: The Complete Einhard. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Dyer, Christopher. 1989. Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages: Social Change in England c.1200-1520. Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Revised ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dyer, Christopher. 1994. Everyday Life in Medieval England. London: Hambledon.

Dyer, Christopher. 2002. Making a Living in the Middle Ages: The People of Britain 850-1520. Vol. The new economic history of Britain. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Dyer, Christopher. 2005. Age of Transition? : Economy and Society in England in the Later Middle Ages. Oxford University Press, UK.

E. J. Hobsbawm. 1954. ‘The General Crisis of the European Economy in the 17th Century’. Past & Present (5):33–53. http://www.jstor.org/stable/649822?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Early English Books Online - EEBO. n.d. http://eebo.chadwyck.com/home.

Early Modern Hub. n.d. http://earlymodernweb.org/.

EEBO (Early English Books Online) — University of Leicester. n.d. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/eebo?accountid=7420.

Einhard. 1998. ‘The Life of Charlemagne’. Pp. 15–40 in Charlemagne’s courtier: the complete Einhard. Vol. Readings in Medieval Civilizations and Cultures 3, edited by P. E. Dutton. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Elliott, John Huxtable. 1968. Europe Divided, 1559-1598. London: Collins.

Elliott, John Huxtable. 1970. Imperial Spain, 1469-1716. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Elliott, John Huxtable. 1989. Spain and Its World, 1500-1700: Selected Essays. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Elliott, John Huxtable. 1992. The Old World and the New, 1492-1650. Canto ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Elliott, John Huxtable. 2006. Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America, 1492-1830. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Emigrants and Society. n.d. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft1q2nb0zj;query=Extremadura and America in the Sixteenth Century ;brand=ucpress.

Englander, David. 1990. Culture and Belief in Europe 1450-1600: An Anthology of Sources. Oxford: Basil Blackwell in association with the Open University.

Epstein, Steven. 2009. An Economic and Social History of Later Medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Erasmus of the Low Countries. n.d. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft5q2nb3vp;query=Erasmus of the Low Countries ;brand=ucpress.

Fauvel, John. 1988. Let Newton Be! Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ferrone, Vincenzo. 1995. The Intellectual Roots of the Italian Enlightenment: Newtonian Science, Religion, and Politics in the Early Eighteenth Century. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press.

Findlen, Paula. 1994. Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy. Vol. 20. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Fissel, Mark Charles. 1994. The Bishops’ Wars: Charles I’s Campaigns against Scotland, 1638-1640. Vol. Cambridge studies in early modern British history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Fletcher, Anthony. 1981. The Outbreak of the English Civil War. London: Edward Arnold.

Fletcher, Anthony. 1994. ‘The Protestant Idea of Marriage in Early Modern England’. Pp. 161–81 in Religion, culture, and society in early modern Britain: essays in honour of Patrick Collinson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Fletcher, Anthony, and John Stevenson. 1985. Order and Disorder in Early Modern England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Force, James E., and Richard H. Popkin. 1999. Newton and Religion: Context, Nature, and Influence. Vol. International archives of the history of ideas. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.

Forster, Marc R. 1992. The Counter-Reformation in the Villages: Religion and Reform in the Bishopric of Speyer, 1560-1720. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Foyster, Elizabeth. 2003. ‘Gender Relations’. Pp. 111–29 in A companion to Stuart Britain. Vol. Blackwell companions to British history. Oxford: Blackwell.

Friedrichs, Christopher R. 1995. The Early Modern City, 1450-1750. Vol. A history of urban society in Europe. London: Longman.

G. W. Pigman III. 1980. ‘Versions of Imitation in the Renaissance’. Renaissance Quarterly 33(1):1–32. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2861533?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

GAEHDE, J. E. 1977. CAROLINGIAN PAINTING.

Ganz, David. 2005. ‘Einhard’s Charlemagne: The Characterisation of Greatness’. in Charlemagne: empire and society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Garrisson, Janine. 1995. A History of Sixteenth-Century France, 1483-1598: Renaissance, Reformation and Rebellion. Vol. European studies series. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Gataker, Thomas. 1620. Marriage Duties Briefely Couched Togither: Out of Colossians, 3. 18, 19. By Thomas Gataker Bachelar of Diuinitie and Pastor of Rotherhith. Vol. Early English books online. London: Printed by William Iones, for William Bladen, and are be sold at his shop at the signe of the Bible in Pauls Church-yard.

Geary, Patrick J. 1990. Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages. Rev. Ed.. ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Geary, Patrick J. 1994. Living with the Dead in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Gentles, I. J. 2007. The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652. Vol. Modern wars in perspective. Harlow: Pearson/Longman.

Geoffrey Parker. 1992. ‘Success and Failure during the First Century of the Reformation’. Past & Present (136):43–82. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650901?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Geoffrey Parker. 2008. ‘Crisis and Catastrophe: The Global Crisis of the Seventeenth Century Reconsidered’. The American Historical Review 113(4):1053–79. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30223245?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Gerald Strauss. 1967. ‘Protestant Dogma and City Government: The Case of Nuremberg’. Past & Present (36):38–58. http://www.jstor.org/stable/649914.

Gerald Strauss. 1975. ‘Success and Failure in the German Reformation’. Past & Present (67):30–63. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650232?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Giles, Katherine, Christopher Dyer, and Society for Medieval Archaeology. 2005. Town and Country in the Middle Ages: Contrasts, Contacts and Interconnections, 1100-1500. Vol. Monograph series / Society for Medieval Archaeology. Leeds: Maney.

Gillespie, Raymond. 1997. Devoted People: Belief and Religion in Early Modern Ireland. Vol. Social and cultural values in early modern Europe. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Giorgini, Giovanni. 2013. ‘Five Hundred Years of Italian Scholarship on Machiavelli’s Prince’. The Review of Politics 75(04):625–40. doi:10.1017/S0034670513000624.

Glenn Burgess. 1990. ‘On Revisionism: An Analysis of Early Stuart Historiography in the 1970s and 1980s’. The Historical Journal 33(3):609–27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2639733?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Godden, M. R. 2012. ‘Literacy in Anglo-Saxon England’. Pp. 580–90 in The Cambridge history of the book in Britain: Vol. 1: c.400-1100. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Goldie, M. 2001. ‘The Unacknowledged Republic: Office Holding in Early Modern England’. Pp. 153–94 in The politics of the excluded, c. 1500-1850. Vol. Themes in focus. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Goldstone, Jack A. 1988. ‘East and West in the Seventeenth Century: Political Crises in Stuart England, Ottoman Turkey, and Ming China’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 30(01). doi:10.1017/S0010417500015061.

Goldthwaite, Richard A. 1993. Wealth and the Demand for Art in Italy, 1300-1600. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Goodman, Anthony, and Angus MacKay. 1990. The Impact of Humanism on Western Europe. London: Longman.

Gouwens, Kenneth. 2004. The Italian Renaissance: The Essential Sources. Oxford: Blackwell.

Grafton, Anthony. 1999. Cardano’s Cosmos: The Worlds and Works of a Renaissance Astrologer. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Grafton, Anthony, and Lisa Jardine. 1986. From Humanism to the Humanities: Education and the Liberal Arts in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Europe. London: Duckworth.

Green, Judith A. 1986. The Government of England under Henry I. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. 4th series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Greenblatt, Stephen. 1991. Marvelous Possessions: The Wonder of the New World. Vol. The Carpenter lectures. Oxford.

Greenblatt, Stephen. 1993. New World Encounters. Vol. Representations books. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Greengrass, Mark. 1997. The Longman Companion to the European Reformation, c. 1500-1618. Vol. Longman companions to history. London: Longman.

Gregory, Brad S. 1999. Salvation at Stake: Christian Martyrdom in Early Modern Europe. Vol. Harvard historical studies. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Grell, Ole Peter. 1998. Paracelsus: The Man and His Reputation, His Ideas and Their Transformation. Vol. Studies in the history of Christian thought. Leiden: Brill.

Grell, Ole Peter, Jonathan I. Israel, and Nicholas Tyacke. 1991. From Persecution to Toleration: The Glorious Revolution and Religion in England. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Grell, Ole Peter, and Roy Porter. 1999. Toleration in Enlightenment Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Grell, Ole Peter, and R. W. Scribner. 1996a. Tolerance and Intolerance in the European Reformation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Grell, Ole Peter, and R. W. Scribner. 1996b. Tolerance and Intolerance in the European Reformation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Grendler, Paul F. 1989. Schooling in Renaissance Italy: Literacy and Learning, 1300-1600. Vol. Johns Hopkins University studies in historical and political science. 107th series (1989). Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Gretsch, M. 2013. ‘Literacy and the Uses of the Vernacular’. Pp. 273–94 in The Cambridge companion to Old English literature, edited by M. Godden and M. Lapidge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Griffiths, Paul, and Mark S. R. Jenner. 2000. Londinopolis: Essays in the Cultural and Social History of Early Modern London. Vol. Politics, culture and society in early modern Britain. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Guggisberg, H. 1996. ‘Toleration’. in The Oxford encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Guggisberg, Hans R. 1983. ‘The Defence of Religious Toleration and Religious Liberty in Early Modern Europe: Arguments, Pressures, and Some Consequences’. History of European Ideas 4(1):35–50. doi:10.1016/0191-6599(83)90039-6.

Guggisberg, Hans R., and Bruce Gordon. 2003. Sebastian Castellio, 1515-1563: Humanist and Defender of Religious Toleration in a Confessional Age. Vol. St. Andrews studies in Reformation history. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Guy, John. 1988. Tudor England. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

H. R. Trevor-Roper. 1959. ‘The General Crisis of the 17th Century’. Past & Present (16):31–64. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650152?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Haigh, Christopher. 1987. The English Reformation Revised. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Haigh, Christopher. 1993. English Reformations: Religion, Politics, and Society under the Tudors. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hale, J. R. 1993. The Civilization of Europe in the Renaissance. London: HarperCollins.

Hamilton, Bernard. 1986. Religion in the Medieval West. London: Edward Arnold.

Hankins, Thomas L. 1985. Science and the Enlightenment. Vol. Cambridge history of science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hanlon, Gregory. 1993. Confession and Community in Seventeenth-Century France: Catholic and Protestant Coexistence in Aquitaine. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Hanlon, Gregory. 2000. Early Modern Italy, 1550-1800. Vol. European studies series. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Hanna H. Gray. 1963. ‘Renaissance Humanism: The Pursuit of Eloquence’. Journal of the History of Ideas 24(4):497–514. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2707980?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hans Baron. 1937a. ‘Religion and Politics in the German Imperial Cities during the Reformation’. The English Historical Review 52(207):405–27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/554670?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hans Baron. 1937b. ‘Religion and Politics in the German Imperial Cities during the Reformation (Continued)’. The English Historical Review 52(208):614–33. http://www.jstor.org/stable/553704?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Hans Baron. 1967. ‘Leonardo Bruni: “Professional Rhetorician” or “Civic Humanist”?’ Past & Present (36):21–37. http://www.jstor.org/stable/649913?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Harris, Tim. 2005. Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy 1685-1720. London: Allen Lane.

Harris, Tim, and Stephen Taylor. n.d. The Final Crisis of the Stuart Monarchy: The Revolutions of 1688-91 in Their British, Atlantic and European Contexts.

Harvey, Sally. 2014. Domesday: Book of Judgement. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.

Haskell, Francis. 1980. Patrons and Painters: A Study in the Relations between Italian Art and Society in the Age of the Baroque. 2nd ed. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Haskins, Charles Homer. 1927. The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Haywood, John. 2000. The Cassell Atlas of World History: Vol. 2: The Medieval and Early Modern Worlds. London: Cassell.

Heal, Felicity, and Clive Holmes. 1994. The Gentry in England and Wales, 1500-1700. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Heller, Henry. 1996. Labour, Science and Technology in France, 1500-1620. Vol. Cambridge studies in early modern history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hellyer, Marcus. 2003. The Scientific Revolution: The Essential Readings. Vol. Blackwell essential readings in history. Oxford: Blackwell.

Henry Kamen. 1988a. ‘Toleration and Dissent in Sixteenth-Century Spain: The Alternative Tradition’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 19(1):3–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2540957?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Henry Kamen. 1988b. ‘Toleration and Dissent in Sixteenth-Century Spain: The Alternative Tradition’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 19(1):3–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2540957?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Henry Kamen. 1990. European Society, 1500-1700. London: Unwin Hyman.

Henry Kamen and J. I. Israel. 1982. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis in New Spain: Myth or Reality?’ Past & Present (97):144–56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650633?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Higham, N. J., and Martin J. Ryan. 2013. The Anglo-Saxon World. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Hillerbrand, Hans J. 1968. The Protestant Reformation. Vol. Documentary history of Western civilization. New York: Harper & Row.

Hillerbrand, Hans J. 1996. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hindle, Steve, Alexandra Shepard, John Walter, and Keith Wrightson. 2013. Remaking English Society: Social Relations and Social Change in Early Modern England. Vol. Studies in early modern cultural, political and social history. Woodbridge: Boydell.

Hirst, Michael, Jill Dunkerton, and National Gallery. 1994. Making and Meaning: The Young Michelangelo. The Artist in Rome, 1496-1501. London: National Gallery Publications.

HODGEN, M. T. 1964. EARLY ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES.

Hodgett, Gerald A. J. 1972. A Social and Economic History of Medieval Europe. London: Methuen.

Hollingsworth, Mary. 1994. Patronage in Renaissance Italy: From 1400 to the Early Sixteenth Century. London: John Murray.

Holt, Mack P. 1995. The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629. Vol. New approaches to European history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hsia, R. Po-chia. 1988. The German People and the Reformation. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Hsia, R. Po-chia. 1989. Social Discipline in the Reformation: Central Europe 1550-1750. Vol. Christianity and society in the modern world. London: Routledge.

Hsia, R. Po-chia. 1998. The World of Catholic Renewal, 1540-1770. Vol. New approaches to European history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hsia, R. Po-chia. 2004. A Companion to the Reformation World. Vol. Blackwell companions to European history. Malden, Ma: Blackwell.

Hsia, R. Po-chia. 2008. The Cambridge History of Christianity: Vol. 6: Reform and Expansion 1500-1660. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hsia, R. Po-chia, and Henk F. K. van Nierop. 2002a. Calvinism and Religious Toleration in the Dutch Golden Age. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

Hsia, R. Po-chia, and Henk F. K. van Nierop. 2002b. Calvinism and Religious Toleration in the Dutch Golden Age. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

Hubert, Jean, Jean Porcher, and W. F. Volbach. 1970. Carolingian Art. Vol. Arts of mankind. London: Thames and Hudson.

Hughes, Ann. 1998. The Causes of the English Civil War. Vol. British history in perspective. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Hunt, R. W. 1968. ‘English Learning in the Late Twelfth Century’. Pp. 19–42 in Essays in medieval history: selected from the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society on the occasion of its centenary. London: Macmillan.

Huppert, George. 1984. Public Schools in Renaissance France. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Huscroft, Richard. 2004. Ruling England, 1042-1217. Harlow: Longman.

Inga Clendinnen. 1991. ‘“Fierce and Unnatural Cruelty”: Cortés and the Conquest of Mexico’. Representations (33):65–100. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2928758?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Innes, M. 2005. ‘Charlemagne’s Government’. Pp. 71–89 in Charlemagne: empire and society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Internet Archive: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music & Wayback Machine. n.d. https://archive.org/.

Internet History Sourcebooks Project. n.d.-a. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/.

Internet History Sourcebooks Project. n.d.-b. http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/1096jews.asp.

Internet History Sourcebooks Project. n.d.-c. http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/bacon2.asp.

Internet History Sourcebooks Project. n.d.-d. http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/index.asp.

Interview With Author-Historian Geoffrey Parker. n.d. http://www.historynet.com/interview-with-author-historian-geoffrey-parker.htm.

Israel, Jonathan I. 1995a. The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477-1806. Vol. The Oxford history of early modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Israel, Jonathan I. 1995b. The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477-1806. Vol. The Oxford history of early modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Israel, Jonathan I. 1995c. The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477-1806. Vol. The Oxford history of early modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

J. M. Wallace-Hadrill. 1975. ‘War and Peace in the Earlier Middle Ages: The Prothero Lecture’. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 25:157–74. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3679091?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Jacob, Margaret C., and Margaret C. Jacob. 1997. Scientific Culture and the Making of the Industrial West. New York: Oxford University Press.

Jan de Vries. 2009. ‘The Economic Crisis of the Seventeenth Century after Fifty Years’. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 40(2):151–94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40263652?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Jane Ohlmeyer. 1998. ‘THE WARS OF THE THREE KINGDOMS’. History Today 1998(1998). http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|A54879254&v=2.1&u=leicester&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=ff32ff564e414cf32c01eba1b8ae234a.

Jardine, Lisa. 1997. Worldly Goods: A New History of the Renaissance. London: Papermac.

Joan Davies. 1979. ‘Persecution and Protestantism: Toulouse, 1562-1575’. The Historical Journal 22(1):31–51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2639010?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John Bossy. 1970. ‘The Counter-Reformation and the People of Catholic Europe’. Past & Present (47):51–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650448?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John Coffey. 1998. ‘Puritanism and Liberty Revisited: The Case for Toleration in the English Revolution’. The Historical Journal 41(4):961–85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3020858?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John F. Richards. 1990. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis in South Asia’. Modern Asian Studies 24(4):625–38. http://www.jstor.org/stable/312726?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

John Spurr. 1989. ‘The Church of England, Comprehension and the Toleration Act of 1689’. The English Historical Review 104(413):927–46. http://www.jstor.org/stable/572788?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Johnson, Geraldine A., and Sara F. Matthews Grieco. 1997. Picturing Women in Renaissance and Baroque Italy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Johnson, Richard. 2003. ‘Indian History during the English Colonial Era’. in A companion to colonial America. Vol. Blackwell companions to American history. Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Johnson, Trevor, and R. W. Scribner. 1996. Popular Religion in Germany and Central Europe, 1400-1800. Vol. Themes in focus. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Jolliffe, J. E. A. 1963. Angevin Kingship. 2nd ed. London: Black.

Jonathan Israel. 1995. ‘A Golden Age: Innovation in Dutch Cities, 1648-1720’. History Today 45(3). http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|A16637329&v=2.1&u=leicester&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=81556d8892b9f57b38afa5d9272f5bf7.

Jones, Michael. 2008. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. 6: C.1300-c.1415. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jordan, William C. 2002. Europe in the High Middle Ages. Vol. The Penguin history of Europe. London: Penguin.

Judith C. Brown. 1989. ‘Prosperity or Hard Times in Renaissance Italy?’ Renaissance Quarterly 42(4):761–80. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2862281?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Judith Pugh Meyer. 1984. ‘La Rochelle and the Failure of the French Reformation’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 15(2):169–83. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2541436?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Kamen, Henry. 1967. The Rise of Toleration. Vol. World university library. Weidenfeld & Nicolson.

Kamen, Henry. 1993. The Phoenix and the Flame: Catalonia and the Counter Reformation. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Kamen, Henry. 2000. Early Modern European Society. New York: Routledge.

Kamen, Henry. 2003. Spain’s Road to Empire: The Making of a World Power, 1492-1763. London: Penguin.

Kamen, Henry. 2005a. Golden Age Spain. Vol. Studies in European history. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Kamen, Henry. 2005b. Spain 1469-1714: A Society of Conflict. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson.

Kaplan, Benjamin J. 2007. Divided by Faith: Religious Conflict and the Practice of Toleration in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Karant-Nunn, Susan C. 1997. The Reformation of Ritual: An Interpretation of Early Modern Germany. Vol. Christianity and society in the modern world. London: Routledge.

Karl S. Bottigheimer. 1976. ‘The Reformation in Ireland Revisited’. Journal of British Studies 15(2):140–49. http://www.jstor.org/stable/175136?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Kathleen Crowther‐Heyck. 2003. ‘Wonderful Secrets of Nature’. Isis 94(2):253–73. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/379386.

Keith J. Lindley. 1972. ‘The Impact of the 1641 Rebellion upon England and Wales, 1641-5’. Irish Historical Studies 18(70):143–76. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30005609?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Keynes, S. 1990. ‘Royal Government and the Written Word in Late Anglo-Saxon England’. in The uses of literacy in early mediaeval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Keynes, S. 2008. ‘England, 700–900’. Pp. 18–42 in The new Cambridge medieval history: Vol. 2: c.700-c.900. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kinder, Hermann, and Werner Hilgemann. 2003. The Penguin Atlas of World History: Volume II: From the French Revolution to the Present Day. Vol. Penguin reference books. Updated ed. London: Penguin Books.

King, P. D. 1987. Charlemagne: Translated Sources. Kendal: P.D. King.

Kishlansky, Mark A. 1997. A Monarchy Transformed: Britain, 1603-1714. Vol. The Penguin history of Britain. London: Penguin.

Knecht, R. J. 1996. The Rise and Fall of Renaissance France, 1483-1610. Vol. Fontana history of France. London: Fontana.

Koenigsberger, H. G. 1999. Early Modern Europe 1500-1789. Vol. The Silver library. Harlow: Longman.

Kors, Alan Charles. 2003. Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kowaleski, Maryanne. 2006. Medieval Towns: A Reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Kraye, Jill. 2006. The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Humanism. Vol. Cambridge companions to literature and classics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kraye, Jill, and M. W. F. Stone. 2000. Humanism and Early Modern Philosophy. Vol. London studies in the history of philosophy. London: Routledge.

Kristeller, Paul Oskar. 1961. Renaissance Thought: [1]: The Classic, Scholastic and Humanist Strains. Vol. Harper torchbooks. New York: Harper & Row.

Kümin, Beat A. 2014. The European World 1500-1800: An Introduction to Early Modern History. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Kupperman, Karen Ordahl. 2000. Indians and English: Facing off in Early America. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Kupperman, Karen Ordahl and Institute of Early American History and Culture. 1995. America in European Consciousness, 1493-1750. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, for the Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Va.

Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de and Fontenelle. 1816. Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds. Translated from a late Paris ed. Glasgow: printed by W. Falconer, for W.M. Borthwick.

Lapidge, Michael. 1993. ‘Schools, Learning and Literature in Tenth-Century England’. Pp. 1–48 in Anglo-Latin literature, 900-1066. London: Hambledon Press.

Laura A. Smoller. 1986. ‘Playing Cards and Popular Culture in Sixteenth-Century Nuremberg’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 17(2):183–214. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2540255?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Laursen, John Christian. 1999. Religious Toleration: ‘The Variety of Rites’ from Cyrus to Defoe. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Laursen, John Christian. 2002. Histories of Heresy in Early Modern Europe: For, against, and beyond Persecution and Toleration. New York: Palgrave/Macmillan.

Laursen, John Christian, and Cary J. Nederman. 1998a. Beyond the Persecuting Society: Religious Toleration before the Enlightenment. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Laursen, John Christian, and Cary J. Nederman. 1998b. Beyond the Persecuting Society: Religious Toleration before the Enlightenment. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Lawrence, C. H. 1989. Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. London: Longman.

Lawson, M. K. 1993. Cnut: The Danes in England in the Early Eleventh Century. Vol. The medieval world. London: Longman.

Le Goff, J. 2003. ‘What Did the Twelfth-Century Renaissance Mean?’ Pp. 635–47 in The medieval world. London: Routledge.

Le Goff, Jacques. 1988. Medieval Civilization, 400-1500. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lecler, Joseph. 1960a. Toleration and the Reformation: Vol.1. Association P.; Longmans, Green.

Lecler, Joseph. 1960b. Toleration and the Reformation: Vol.2. London: Longmans, Green.

Levy, Leonard Williams. 1995. Blasphemy: Verbal Offense against the Sacred, from Moses to Salman Rushdie. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press.

Liddiard, Robert. 2005. Castles in Context: Power, Symbolism and Landscape, 1066-1500. Macclesfield: Windgather Press.

Liddiard, Robert. 2007. The Medieval Park: New Perspectives. Macclesfield, Cheshire: Windgather Press.

Lindberg, Carter. 1996. The European Reformations. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Lindley, Keith. 1998. The English Civil War and Revolution: A Sourcebook. London: Routledge.

Linehan, Peter, Janet L. Nelson, and Marios Costambeys, eds. 2017. The Medieval World. 2nd ed. London: Taylor and Francis.

Lovett, A. W. 1986. Early Habsburg Spain, 1517-1598. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Luria, Keith P. 2005. Sacred Boundaries: Religious Coexistence and Conflict in Early-Modern France. 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Luscombe, D. E., and Jonathan Simon Christopher Riley-Smith. 2008. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. 4: C. 1024-1198. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Luscombe, D., and G. R. Evans. 2008. ‘The Twelfth-Century Renaissance’. Pp. 306–38 in The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought c.350-c.1450. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Luscombe, David. 2004. ‘Thought and Learning’. Pp. 461–98 in The New Cambridge Medieval History: Pt. 1: C. 1024-C. 1198. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lynch, Joseph H. 1992. The Medieval Church: A Brief History. London: Longman.

MacCulloch, Diarmaid. 2004. Reformation: Europe’s House Divided, 1490-1700. London: Penguin.

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527. n.d. ‘The Prince’. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1232?msg=welcome_stranger#link2HCH0001.

MACH-IV: Machiavellianism Test. n.d. http://personality-testing.info/tests/MACH-IV.php.

Macinnes, Allan. 1990. ‘History Today’. 40(5). http://search.proquest.com/pao/docview/1299021238/7D60F63AFE584B67PQ/2?accountid=7420.

Macinnes, Allan I. 2005. The British Revolution, 1629-1660. Vol. British studies series. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Mack P. Holt. 1993. ‘Wine, Community and Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Burgundy’. Past & Present (138):58–93. http://www.jstor.org/stable/651188?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Mackenney, Richard. 1993. Sixteenth Century Europe: Expansion and Conflict. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

MacLachlan, Colin M. 1988. Spain’s Empire in the New World: The Role of Ideas in Institutional and Social Change. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Magocsi, Paul R. 2002. Historical Atlas of Central Europe: From the Early Fifth Century to the Present. Rev. and expanded ed. London: Thames & Hudson.

Mancall, Peter. 1998. ‘Native Americans and Europeans in English America, 1500-1700’. in The Oxford history of the British Empire: British overseas enterprise to close of the seventeenth century, Vol.1: The origins of Empire. Vol. Oxford history of the British Empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mancall, Peter C. 1995. Deadly Medicine: Indians and Alcohol in Early America. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Mancall, Peter C., and James Hart Merrell. 2000. American Encounters: Natives and Newcomers from European Contact to Indian Removal, 1500-1850. New York: Routledge.

Marino, John A. 2002. Early Modern Italy: 1550-1796. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mario Turchetti. 1991. ‘Religious Concord and Political Tolerance in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth- Century France’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 22(1):15–25. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2542013?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Marsh, Christopher W. 1994. The Family of Love in English Society, 1550-1630. Vol. Cambridge studies in early modern British history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Marshall, John. 2006. John Locke, Toleration and Early Enlightenment Culture: Religious Intolerance and Arguments for Religious Toleration in Early Modern and ‘Early Enlightenment’ Europe. Vol. Cambridge studies in early modern British history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Maryelise Suffern Lamet. 1978. ‘French Protestants in a Position of Strength the Early Years of the Reformation in Caen, 1558-1568’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 9(3):35–55. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539445?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Matter, E. Ann, and John Wayland Coakley. 1994. Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press.

McAlister, Lyle N. 1984. Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700. Vol. Europe and the world in the Age of Expansion. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

McKitterick, R. 2005. ‘The Carolingian Renaissance of Culture and Learning’. Pp. 151–66 in Charlemagne: empire and society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1983. The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians, 751-987. London: Longman.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1989. The Carolingians and the Written Word. Vol. Cambridge paperback library. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1990. The Uses of Literacy in Early Mediaeval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 2008a. Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 2008b. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. 2: C.700-c.900. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Merritt, J. F. and Strafford Papers Project (Sheffield). 1996. The Political World of Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, 1621-1641. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Michael Marmé. 2008. ‘Locating Linkages or Painting Bull’s-Eyes around Bullet Holes? An East Asian Perspective on the Seventeenth-Century Crisis’. The American Historical Review 113(4):1080–89. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30223246?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Michael T. Ryan. 1981. ‘Assimilating New Worlds in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 23(4):519–38. http://www.jstor.org/stable/178392?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Mileson, S. A. 2009. Parks in Medieval England. Vol. Medieval history and archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Miller, Edward, and John Hatcher. 1995. Medieval England: Towns, Commerce and Crafts, 1086-1348. Vol. Social and economic history of England. London: Longman.

Miller, John. n.d. Glorious Revolution. Routledge.

Molyneaux, G. 2009. ‘The Old English Bede: English Ideology or Christian Instruction?’ The English Historical Review CXXIV(511):1289–1323. doi:10.1093/ehr/cep345.

Monasteries in the Landscape eBook: Mick Aston: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store. 30 AD. Amberley Publishing. http://www.amazon.co.uk/Monasteries-Landscape-Mick-Aston-ebook/dp/B009K5TQM4/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1440517090&sr=8-3&keywords=Monasteries+in+the+Landscape.

de Montaigne, Michel. n.d. ‘Chapter VI: Of Cannibals’. in Essays / Montaigne, Michel.

Moran, Bruce T., Symposium on Science, Technology, and Medicine at the European Court, and International Congress on the History of Science. 1991. Patronage and Institutions: Science, Technology and Medicine at the European Court, 1500-1750. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.

More, Thomas. 1974. Utopia. Vol. Everyman’s Library. London: Dent.

Morehouse, Henry James, Charles Jackson, and Surtees Society. 1877. ‘Diurnal Entries of Adam Eyre of Hazlehead in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Yeoman’. Yorkshire Diaries and Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries Surtees Society publications.

Morrill, J. 1996. ‘The British Problem, c.1534-1707’. Pp. 1–38 in The British problem, c.1534-1707: state formation in the Atlantic archipelago. Vol. Problems in focus. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Morrill, J. S. 1990. The Scottish National Covenant in Its British Context. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Morrill, J. S. 1993. The Nature of the English Revolution: Essays. London: Longman.

Morris, Colin. 1980. ‘Individualism in Twelfth-Century Religion. Some Further Reflections’. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 31(02):195–206. doi:10.1017/S0022046900036459.

Morris, Colin. 1989. The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Morris, Colin. 2005. The Sepulchre of Christ and the Medieval West: From the Beginning to 1600. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Morris, Colin and Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge. 1972. The Discovery of the Individual, 1050-1200. Vol. Church history outlines. London: S.P.C.K. for the Church Historical Society.

Morris, Richard. 1989. Churches in the Landscape. London: J.M. Dent.

Mortimer, Richard. 1994. Angevin England, 1154-1258. Vol. A history of medieval Britain. Oxford: Blackwell.

Moutlon, Ian Frederick. 2014. ‘Courtship, Sex and Marriage’. Pp. 133–48 in The Ashgate research companion to popular culture in early modern England. Farnham, Surrey, UK England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.

Mullett, Michael A. 1999. The Catholic Reformation. London: Routledge.

Munck, Thomas. 1990a. Seventeenth Century Europe: State, Conflict and the Social Order in Europe 1598-1700. Vol. Macmillan history of Europe. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Munck, Thomas. 1990b. Seventeenth Century Europe: State, Conflict and the Social Order in Europe 1598-1700. Vol. Macmillan history of Europe. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Natalie Zemon Davis. 1973. ‘The Rites of Violence: Religious Riot in Sixteenth-Century France’. Past & Present (59):51–91. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650379?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Nauert, Charles G. 1995. Humanism and the Culture of Renaissance Europe. Vol. New approaches to European history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

NC State: WWW4 Server. n.d. http://www4.ncsu.edu/.

Nederman, Cary J., and John Christian Laursen. 1996. Difference and Dissent: Theories of Toleration in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.

Nees, Lawrence. 2002. Early Medieval Art. Vol. Oxford history of art. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Nelson, J. L. 1986. ‘On the Limits of the Carolingian Renaissance’. in Politics and ritual in early medieval Europe. Vol. History series. London: Hambledon Press.

Nelson, J. L. 1990. ‘Literacy in Carolingian Government’. Pp. 258–96 in The uses of literacy in early mediaeval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nelson, Janet L. 1999. ‘Rulers and Government’. Pp. 95–129 in The New Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. 3: C. 900-C. 1024. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Niels Steensgaard. 1990. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis and the Unity of Eurasian History’. Modern Asian Studies 24(4):683–97. http://www.jstor.org/stable/312729?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Noble, Thomas F. X. 2009. Charlemagne and Louis the Pious: The Lives. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Noble, Thomas F. X., John H. Van Engen, and University of Notre Dame. Medieval Institute. 2012. European Transformations: The Long Twelfth Century. Vol. Notre Dame conferences in medieval studies. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press.

Nobles, Gregory H. 1997. American Frontiers: Cultural Encounters and Continental Conquest. New York: Hill & Wang.

Notebook. n.d. http://www.noteaccess.com/Texts/Alberti/.

Ogilvie, Sheilagh C. 1996. Germany: A New Social and Economic History, Vol.2: 1630-1800. London: Arnold.

Ohlmeyer, Jane. 2014. ‘‘The Aristocracy in Seventeenth-Century Ireland: Wider Contexts and Comparisons’’. History Compass 12(1):33–41. doi:10.1111/hic3.12129.

Ohlmeyer, Jane H. 2012. Making Ireland English: The Irish Aristocracy in the Seventeenth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Oldridge, Darren. 2005. ‘The Case for Killing Heretics’. in Strange histories: the trial of the pig, the walking dead, and other matters of fact from the medieval and Renaissance worlds. London: Routledge.

O’Malley, John W. 2000. Trent and All That: Renaming Catholicism in the Early Modern Era. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Oster, Malcolm. 2002a. Science in Europe, 1500-1800: A Primary Sources Reader. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Oster, Malcolm. 2002b. Science in Europe, 1500-1800: A Secondary Sources Reader. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Outhwaite, R. B. and Economic History Society. 1991. Dearth, Public Policy and Social Disturbance in England, 1550-1800. Vol. Studies in economic and social history. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online — University of Leicester. n.d. http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxforddnb.com.

Oxford DNB article: Bacon, Roger. n.d. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1008?docPos=1.

P. J. Broadhead. 1996. ‘Guildsmen, Religious Reform and the Search for the Common Good: The Role of the Guilds in the Early Reformation in Augsburg’. The Historical Journal 39(3):577–97. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2639960?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Pagden, Anthony. 1993. European Encounters with the New World: From Renaissance to Romanticism. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Paré, Ambroise, and Janis L. Pallister. 1982. On Monsters and Marvels. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Parker, Geoffrey. 2013a. Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Parker, Geoffrey. 2013b. Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Parker, Geoffrey, and Lesley M. Smith. 1978. The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Parry, J. H. 1966. The Spanish Seaborne Empire. Vol. The history of human society. London: Hutchinson.

Parry, J. H. 1973. The Age of Reconnaissance: Discovery, Exploration and Settlement, 1450-1650. Vol. History of civilisation. London: Cardinal.

Patricia Seed. 1993. ‘“Are These Not Also Men?”: The Indians’ Humanity and Capacity for Spanish Civilisation’. Journal of Latin American Studies 25(3):629–52. http://www.jstor.org/stable/158270?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Pestana, Carla Gardina, and Sharon V. Salinger. 1999. Inequality in Early America. Vol. Reencounters with colonialism. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England.

Peter Boyd-Bowman. 1976. ‘Patterns of Spanish Emigration to the Indies until 1600’. The Hispanic American Historical Review 56(4):580–604. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2514194?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Peter Dear. 2005. ‘What Is the History of Science the History Of?’ Isis 96(3):390–406. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/447747.

Peters, Edward. 1988. Inquisition. Berkeley: University of California Press.

PETTEGREE, ANDREW, and MATTHEW HALL. 2004. ‘THE REFORMATION AND THE BOOK: A RECONSIDERATION’. The Historical Journal 47(4):785–808. doi:10.1017/S0018246X04003991.

Pfister, C. 2007. ‘Climatic Extremes, Recurrent Crises and Witch Hunts: Strategies of European Societies in Coping with Exogenous Shocks in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries’. The Medieval History Journal 10(1–2):33–73. doi:10.1177/097194580701000202.

Philip Benedict. 1996. ‘Faith, Fortune and Social Structure in Seventeenth-Century Montpellier’. Past & Present (152):46–78. http://www.jstor.org/stable/651056?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Pincus, Steven C. A. 2009. 1688: The First Modern Revolution. Vol. Lewis Walpole series in eighteenth-century culture and history. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Pollmann, J. 2006. ‘Countering the Reformation in France and the Netherlands: Clerical Leadership and Catholic Violence 1560 -1585’. Past & Present 190(1):83–120. doi:10.1093/pastj/gtj003.

Pollmann, Judith. 1999. Religious Choice in the Dutch Republic: The Reformation of Arnoldus Buchelius, 1565-1641. Vol. Studies in early modern European history. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Poole, Austin Lane. 1954. From Domesday Book to Magna Carta, 1087-1216. Vol. The Oxford history of England. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Porter, Roy. 1986. ‘The Scientific Revolution: A Spoke in the Wheel?’ Pp. 290–316 in Revolution in history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Porter, Roy, and M. Teich. 1992. The Scientific Revolution in National Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Porter, Roy, and Mikuláš Teich. 1992. The Renaissance in National Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Porter, Roy, Mikuláš Teich, and R. W. Scribner. 1994. The Reformation in National Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Powis, Jonathan. 1984. Aristocracy. Vol. New perspectives on the past. Oxford: Blackwell.

Pratt, David. 2007. The Political Thought of King Alfred the Great. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. 4th series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Prestwich, Menna. 1985. International Calvinism 1541-1715. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Prestwich, Michael. 2005. Plantagenet England, 1225-1360. Vol. The new Oxford history of England. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Price, J. L. 1994. Holland and the Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century: The Politics of Particularism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Pumfrey, Stephen, Maurice Slawinski, and Paolo L. Rossi. 1991. Science, Culture and Popular Belief in Renaissance Europe. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

R. W. Scribner. 1986. ‘Incombustible Luther: The Image of the Reformer in Early Modern Germany’. Past & Present (110):38–68. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650648?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Rabb, Theodore K. 1975. The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe. New York: Oxford University Press.

Reuter, Timothy. 1991. Germany in the Early Middle Ages c.800-1056. Vol. Longman history of Germany. London: Longman.

Reuter, Timothy. 2003. Alfred the Great: Papers from the Eleventh-Centenary Conferences. Vol. Studies in early medieval Britain. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Review by:              Jane H. Ohlmeyer. 2007. ‘Review: The “Old” British Histories?’ The Historical Journal 50(2):499–512. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4140141?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Review by:              Mack P. Holt. 1993. ‘Review: Putting Religion Back into the Wars of Religion’. French Historical Studies 18(2):524–51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/286879?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Richard Gawthrop and Gerald Strauss. 1984. ‘Protestantism and Literacy in Early Modern Germany’. Past & Present (104):31–55. http://www.jstor.org/stable/650697?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Richard, Jean. 2004. ‘The Eastern Churches’. in The New Cambridge medieval history: Vol.4 pt.1: c1024-1198. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Richard S. Westfall. 1985. ‘Science and Patronage: Galileo and the Telescope’. Isis 76(1):11–30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/232790?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Richardson, H. G., and G. O. Sayles. 1963. The Governance of Mediaeval England from the Conquest to Magna Carta. Vol. Edinburgh University publications. History, philosophy and economics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Richardson, R. C. 1998. The Debate on the English Revolution. Vol. Issues in historiography. 3rd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Riley-Smith, Jonathan. 1995. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades. Vol. Oxford illustrated histories. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Riley-Smith, Jonathan. 2002. What Were the Crusades? 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Robert Goulding. 2006. ‘Histories of Science in Early Modern Europe: Introduction’. Journal of the History of Ideas 67(1):33–40. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3840398?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Robert W. Scribner. 1993. ‘The Reformation, Popular Magic, and the “Disenchantment of the World”’. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 23(3):475–94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/206099?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Roberts, J. M. 1997. The Penguin History of Europe. London, England: Penguin Books.

Roberts, Martin. 1992. The Italian Renaissance. Vol. Sense of history. Key Stage 3. London: Longman.

Roeck, Bernd. 2006. Civic Culture and Everyday Life in Early Modern Germany. Vol. v. 115. Leiden: Brill.

Roelker, Nancy L. 1996. One King, One Faith: The Parlement of Paris and the Religious Reformations of the Sixteenth Century. Vol. A Centennial book. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.

Rollason, D. W. 2012. Early Medieval Europe 300-1050: The Birth of Western Society. Harlow: Pearson.

Rubin, Miri. 2009. Emotion and Devotion: The Meaning of Mary in Medieval Religious Cultures. Vol. The Natalie Zemon Davis annual lecture series. Budapest: CEU Press.

Rubin, Miri, and Walter Simons. 2009a. Christianity in Western Europe, c.1100-c.1500. Vol. Cambridge history of Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rubin, Miri, and Walter Simons. 2009b. Christianity in Western Europe, c.1100-c.1500. Vol. Cambridge history of Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rublack, Ulinka. 2005. Reformation Europe. Vol. New approaches to European history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ruiz, Teofilo F. 2001. Spanish Society, 1400-1600. Vol. Social history of Europe. Harlow: Longman.

Rumble, Alexander R. 1994. The Reign of Cnut. Vol. Studies in the early history of Britain. London: Leicester University Press.

Russell, Conrad. 1967. ‘Arguments for Religious Unity in England, 1530–1650’. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 18(02):201–26. doi:10.1017/S0022046900071001.

Russell, Conrad. 1987. ‘The British Problem and the English Civil War*’. History 72(236):395–415. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1987.tb01469.x.

Russell, Conrad. 1990. The Causes of the English Civil War: The Ford Lectures Delivered in the University of Oxford, 1987-1988. Vol. The Ford lectures. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Russell, Conrad. 1991. The Fall of the British Monarchies, 1637-1642. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Ruth B. Bottigheimer. 1993. ‘Bible Reading, “Bibles” and the Bible for Children in Early Modern Germany’. Past & Present (139):66–89. http://www.jstor.org/stable/651091?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Ryan, M. J. 2009. ‘Latin Learning and Christian Art’. in A companion to the early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500-1100. Vol. Blackwell companions to British history. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

Scarisbrick, J. J. 1984. The Reformation and the English People. Oxford: Blackwell.

Schlesinger, Roger. 2007. In the Wake of Columbus: The Impact of the New World on Europe, 1492-1650. Vol. The European History series. 2nd ed. Wheeling, Ill: Harlan Davidson.

Schmitt, Charles B., Quentin Skinner, and Eckhard Kessler. 2008. The Cambridge History of Renaissance Philosophy. Vol. Cambridge histories online. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schochet, G. 1996. ‘The Act of Toleration and the Failure of Comprehension’. in The world of William and Mary: Anglo-Dutch perspectives on the Revolution of 1688-89. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Schofield, John, and Alan G. Vince. 2003. Medieval Towns: The Archaeology of British Towns in Their European Setting. Vol. The archaeology of medieval Europe, 1100-1600. 2nd ed. London: Continuum.

Schwartz, Stuart B. 1994. Implicit Understandings: Observing, Reporting, and Reflecting on the Encounters between Europeans and Other Peoples in the Early Modern Era. Vol. Studies in comparative early modern history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Scott, Anne M. 2012. Experiences of Poverty in Late Medieval and Early Modern England and France. Farnham: Ashgate.

Scott, David. 2004. Politics and War in the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 1637-49. Vol. British history in perspective. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

Scott, Jonathan. 2000. England’s Troubles: Seventeenth-Century English Political Instability in European Context. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Scribner, R. W. 1981. For the Sake of Simple Folk: Popular Propaganda for the German Reformation. Vol. Cambridge studies in oral and literate culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Scribner, R. W. 1986. The German Reformation. Vol. Studies in European history. London: Macmillan.

Scribner, R. W., and Lyndal Roper. 2001. Religion and Culture in Germany: (1400-1800). Vol. Studies in medieval and Reformation thought. Leiden: Brill.

Scribner, Robert. 1984. ‘Oral Culture and the Diffusion of Reformation Ideas’. History of European Ideas 5(3):237–56. doi:10.1016/0191-6599(84)90086-X.

Shapin, Steven. 2008. The Scientific Revolution. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Shapin, Steven, Simon Schaffer, and Thomas Hobbes. 1985. Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Shapiro, Barbara J. 1983. Probability and Certainty in Seventeenth-Century England: A Study of the Relationship between Natural Science, Religion, History, Law, and Literature. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Sharpe, J. A. 1997. Early Modern England: A Social History 1550-1760. 2nd ed. London: Edward Arnold.

Sheils, W. J. and Ecclesiastical History Society. 1984. Persecution and Toleration: Papers Read at the Twenty-Second Summer Meeting and the Twenty-Third Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Vol. Studies in church history. Oxford: Blackwell.

Skinner, Quentin. 1978. The Foundations of Modern Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, Julia M. H. 2003. ‘EINHARD: THE SINNER AND THE SAINTS’. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 13:55–77. doi:10.1017/S0080440103000033.

Smith, Pamela H. 1994. The Business of Alchemy: Science and Culture in the Holy Roman Empire. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Southern, R. W. 1970. ‘The Place of England in the Twelfth-Century Renaissance’. Pp. 155–80 in Medieval humanism and other studies. Oxford: B. Blackwell.

Southern, R. W. 1978. The Making of the Middle Ages. London: Hutchinson.

Stafford, Pauline. 1989. Unification and Conquest: A Political and Social History of England in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. London: Edward Arnold.

Stankiewicz, W. J. 1960. Politics & Religion in Seventeenth-Century France: A Study of Political Ideas from the Monarchomachs to Bayle as Reflected in the Toleration Controversy. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Starn, Randolph, and Loren Partridge. 1992. Arts of Power: Three Halls of State in Italy, 1300-1600. Vol. The new historicism : studies in cultural poetics. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.

STEPHANIE KIRK and SARAH RIVETT. 2010. ‘Religious Transformations in the Early Modern Americas’. Early American Literature 45(1):61–91. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27856604?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Stephens, John. 1990. The Italian Renaissance: The Origins of Intellectual and Artistic Change before the Reformation. London: Longman.

Stiegemann, Christoph, Matthias Wemhoff, Museum in der Kaiserpfalz (Paderborn, Germany), Erzbischöfliches Diözesanmuseum Paderborn, and Städtische Galerie am Abdinghof. 1999. 799, Kunst Und Kultur Der Karolingerzeit: Karl Der Grosse Und Papst Leo III. in Paderborn : Katalog Der Ausstellung, Paderborn 1999. Mainz: P. von Zabern.

Sturdy, D. J. 2002. Fractured Europe, 1600-1721. Vol. Blackwell history of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell.

Summerson, H. R. T. 2001. ‘Kingship, Government and Political Life c.1160- c.1280’. Pp. 201–42 in The twelfth and thirteenth centuries: 1066-c.1280. Vol. Short Oxford history of the British Isles. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sutton, Geoffrey V. 1995. Science for a Polite Society: Gender, Culture, and the Demonstration of Enlightenment. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press.

Swanson, R. N. 1993. Catholic England: Faith, Religion, and Observance before the Reformation. Vol. Manchester medieval sources. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Swanson, R. N. 1995. Religion and Devotion in Europe, c.1215-c.1515. Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Swanson, R. N. 1999. The Twelfth-Century Renaissance. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Swanson, R. N. 2006. Promissory Notes on the Treasury of Merits: Indulgences in Late Medieval Europe. Vol. Brill’s companions to the Christian tradition. Leiden: Brill.

Tazbir, Janusz. 1973. A State without Stakes: Polish Religious Toleration in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Vol. Library of Polish studies. New York: Kościuszko Foundation.

The countryside of Medieval England. 1992. Oxford: Blackwell.

The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century: The Little Ice Age and the Mystery of the ‘Great Divergence’. n.d. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 44(3):369–77. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_interdisciplinary_history/v044/44.3.de-vries.html.

The Domesday Book Online - Home. n.d. http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/.

The English context of the British Civil Wars - ProQuest. 1998. http://search.proquest.com/openview/55cdce9465f30601b69294cfba5ce42a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar.

The English Manor c.1200 - c.1500. n.d. The English Manor c.1200 - c.1500. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mmso/16t6fh.

The Galileo Project. n.d. http://galileo.rice.edu/.

The Medieval City (Greenwood Guides to Historic Events of the Medieval World) eBook: Norman Pounds: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store. 30 AD. Greenwood; annotated edition edition. http://www.amazon.co.uk/Medieval-Greenwood-Guides-Historic-Events-ebook/dp/B000QF41FO/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1440582428&sr=8-1&keywords=the+medieval+city+Pounds.

The towns of Italy in the later Middle Ages. n.d. The Towns of Italy in the Later Middle Ages. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mmso/16t6es.

Thirsk, Joan. 2002. Rural England: An Illustrated History of the Landscape. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Thomas Harmon Jobe. 1981. ‘The Devil in Restoration Science: The Glanvill-Webster Witchcraft Debate’. Isis 72(3):342–56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/230254?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Thomas, Hugh. 2004. Rivers of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire. London: Phoenix.

Thomas, Keith. 1984. Man and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes in England 1500-1800. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Thomson, Rodney. 1998. England and the 12th-Century Renaissance. Vol. Variorum collected studies series. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Thornton, Dora. 1997. The Scholar in His Study: Ownership and Experience in Renaissance Italy. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Thumbnails of All Pages - EEBO. n.d. http://eebo.chadwyck.com/search/full_rec?SOURCE=pgthumbs.cfg&ACTION=ByID&ID=17801889&FILE=../session/1440780668_21546&SEARCHSCREEN=CITATIONS&SEARCHCONFIG=var_spell.cfg&DISPLAY=AUTHOR.

Timothy Reuter. 1985. ‘Plunder and Tribute in the Carolingian Empire’. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 35:75–94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3679177.

Ullmann, Walter. 1969. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Idea of Kingship. Vol. Birkbeck lectures. London: Methuen.

Vallance, Edward. 2006. The Glorious Revolution: 1688 :Britain’s Fight for Liberty. London: Little, Brown.

Vaughan, Alden T. 1995. The Roots of American Racism: Essays on Early American Perceptions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Vaughan, Alden T. 2006. Transatlantic Encounters: American Indians in Britain, 1500-1776. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Verlinden, Charles, and Yvonne Freccero. 1970. The Beginnings of Modern Colonization: Eleven Essays with an Introduction. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

de Vitoria, Francisco. 1991. ‘On the American Indians’. Pp. 231–92 in Political writings. Vol. Cambridge texts in the history of political thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Voogt, Gerrit. 2000. Constraint on Trial: Dirk Volckertsz Coornhert and Religious Freedom. Vol. Sixteenth century essays&studies. Kirksville, Mo: Truman State University Press.

Wallace, Peter George. 2002. The Long European Reformation: Religion, Political Conflict, and the Search for Conformity, 1350-1750. Vol. European history in perspective. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Wallerstein, I. 1978. ‘The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century’. New Left Review 110.

Walsham, Alexandra. 2006. Charitable Hatred: Tolerance and Intolerance in England, 1500-1700. Vol. Politics, culture and society in early modern Britain. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Walsham, Alexandra. 2013. ‘Cultures of Coexistence in Early Modern England: History, Literature and Religious Toleration’. The Seventeenth Century 28(2):115–37. doi:10.1080/0268117X.2013.792151.

Walter, John, Roger Schofield, and Andrew B. Appleby. 1989. Famine, Disease and the Social Order in Early Modern Society. Vol. Cambridge studies in population, economy and society in past time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Warren, W. L. 1987. The Governance of Norman and Angevin England 1086-1272. Vol. The governance of England. London: Edward Arnold.

Webb, Diana. 2000. Pilgrimage in Medieval England. London: Hambledon and London.

Webb, Diana. 2002. Medieval European Pilgrimage, c.700-c.1500. Vol. European culture and society. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave.

Webster, Charles. 1982. From Paracelsus to Newton: Magic and the Making of Modern Science. Vol. Eddington memorial lecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Webster, Leslie. 2012. Anglo-Saxon Art: A New History. London: British Museum.

Webster, Leslie, Janet Backhouse, British Museum, and British Library. Board. 1991. The Making of England: Anglo-Saxon Art and Culture AD600-900. London: British Museum Press for the Trustees of the British Museum and the British Library Board.

Welch, Evelyn S. 1997. Art and Society in Italy, 1350-1500. Vol. Oxford history of art. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Whaley, Joachim. 1985. Religious Toleration and Social Change in Hamburg 1529-1819. Vol. Cambridge studies in early modern history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Whelan, Ruth, and Carol Baxter. 2003. Toleration and Religious Identity: The Edict of Nantes and Its Implications in France, Britain and Ireland. Dublin: Four Courts.

Wiesner, Merry E. 2013a. Early Modern Europe, 1450-1789. Vol. The Cambridge history of Europe. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wiesner, Merry E. 2013b. ‘Economics and Technology, 1450-1600’. in Early modern Europe, 1450-1789. Vol. The Cambridge history of Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wiesner, Merry E. 2013c. ‘Individuals in Society, 1450-1600’. in Early modern Europe, 1450-1789. Vol. The Cambridge history of Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

William S. Atwell. 1990. ‘A Seventeenth-Century “General Crisis” in East Asia?’ Modern Asian Studies 24(4):661–82. http://www.jstor.org/stable/312728?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.

Wilson, Peter H. 2010. Europe’s Tragedy: A New History of the Thirty Years War. London: Penguin.

Wolfe, Michael. 2009. Walled Towns and the Shaping of France: From the Medieval to the Early Modern Era. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Wondrous in His Saints. n.d. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft738nb4fn;query=Wondrous in His Saints;brand=ucpress.

Wormald, Jenny. 1981. Court, Kirk and Community: Scotland 1470-1625. Vol. The new history of Scotland. London: Arnold.

Wormald, Patrick. 1999. The Making of English Law: King Alfred to the Twelfth Century, Vol.1: Legislation and Its Limits. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wright, A. D. 1982. The Counter-Reformation: Catholic Europe and the Non-Christian World. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.

Wrightson, K. 1996. ‘The Politics of the Parish in Early Modern England’. Pp. 10–46 in The experience of authority in early modern England. Vol. Themes in focus. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Wrightson, Keith. 2000. Earthly Necessities: Economic Lives in Early Modern Britain. Vol. The new economic history of Britain. New Haven [Conn.]: Yale University Press.

Wunderli, Richard M. 1992. Peasant Fires: The Drummer of Niklashausen. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Press.

Zagorin, Perez. 2003. How the Idea of Religious Toleration Came to the West. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.