‘A Community Based Primary Prevention Programme for Type 2 Diabetes Integrating Identification and Lifestyle Intervention for Prevention: The Let’s Prevent Diabetes Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0091743515003850>.
‘A Systems Science Approach to the Obesity Epidemic and Prevention of Diabetes.’ 20AD. Web. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrrD-Z0B7dY&feature=youtu.be&t=55s%20A%20Systems%20Science%20Approach%20to%20the%20Obesity%20Epidemic%20and%20Prevention%20of%20Diabetes.>.
Absetz, P. et al. ‘Type 2 Diabetes Prevention in the Real World: Three-Year Results of the GOAL Lifestyle Implementation Trial’. Diabetes Care 32.8 (2009): 1418–1420. Web.
Ackermann, Ronald T. et al. ‘Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program into the Community’. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35.4 (2008): 357–363. Web.
Aguiar, Elroy J. et al. ‘Efficacy of the Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Using LifeStyle Education Program RCT’. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 50.3 (2016): 353–364. Web.
‘American Diabetes Association - Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2017 Summary of Revisions’. Diabetes Care 40.Supplement 1 (2017): S4–S5. Web.
Aune, Dagfinn et al. ‘Whole Grain and Refined Grain Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies’. European Journal of Epidemiology 28.11 (2013): 845–858. Web.
Bailey, Stephen. Academic Writing : A Handbook for International Students. 5th ed. N.p. Web. <https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=5178437>.
Barry, Eleanor et al. ‘Efficacy and Effectiveness of Screen and Treat Policies in Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Screening Tests and Interventions’. BMJ (2017): n. pag. Web.
Breeze, P. R., C. Thomas, H. Squires, A. Brennan, C. Greaves, P. Diggle, et al. ‘Cost-Effectiveness of Population-Based, Community, Workplace and Individual Policies for Diabetes Prevention in the UK’. Diabetic Medicine 34.8 (2017): 1136–1144. Web.
Breeze, P. R., C. Thomas, H. Squires, A. Brennan, C. Greaves, P. J. Diggle, et al. ‘The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Programmes Based on Risk-Identification and Lifestyle Intervention Intensity Strategies: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis’. Diabetic Medicine 34.5 (2017): 632–640. Web.
Brown, Julie et al. ‘Lifestyle Interventions for the Treatment of Women with Gestational Diabetes’. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1996. Web. <http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD011970.pub2>.
Carlsson, Lena M.S. et al. ‘Bariatric Surgery and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Swedish Obese Subjects’. New England Journal of Medicine 367.8 (2012): 695–704. Web.
---. ‘Bariatric Surgery and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Swedish Obese Subjects’. New England Journal of Medicine 367.8 (2012): 695–704. Web.
Carter, Patrice, Kamlesh Khunti, and Melanie J. Davies. ‘Dietary Recommendations for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: What Are They Based On?’ Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2012 (2012): 1–6. Web.
Church, Timothy S. et al. ‘Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Hemoglobin A Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes’. JAMA 304.20 (2010): n. pag. Web.
‘Clinical Applicability and Cost-Effectiveness of DIABSCORE in Screening for Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0168822717301031>.
Colberg, S. R. et al. ‘Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes: The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: Joint Position Statement Executive Summary’. Diabetes Care 33.12 (2010): 2692–2696. Web.
Colberg, Sheri R. et al. ‘Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association’. Diabetes Care 39.11 (2016): 2065–2079. Web.
‘Correction’. Circulation 116.23 (2007): e557–e557. Web.
Creme, Phyllis, and Mary R. Lea. Writing At University: A Guide For Students. 3rd ed. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education, 2008. Web. <https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?pq-origsite=primo&docID=345134>.
Dagfinn Aune. ‘Whole Grain Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and All Cause and Cause Specific Mortality: Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies’. The BMJ 353 (2016): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4908315/>.
Deborah F Tate. ‘Replacing Caloric Beverages with Water or Diet Beverages for Weight Loss in Adults: Main Results of the Choose Healthy Options Consciously Everyday (CHOICE) Randomized Clinical Trial’. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 95.3 (2012): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3632875/>.
Dhingra, R. et al. ‘Soft Drink Consumption and Risk of Developing Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and the Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Adults in the Community’. Circulation 116.5 (2007): 480–488. Web.
‘Diff Erences in the Prospective Association between Individual Plasma Phospholipid Saturated Fatty Acids and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study’. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://ac.els-cdn.com/S2213858714701469/1-s2.0-S2213858714701469-main.pdf?_tid=41970bbc-7e93-11e7-a8e5-00000aab0f01&acdnat=1502455838_1e4678aef6e5b79c43c42f6b68f370f1>.
Dyson, P. A. et al. ‘Diabetes UK Evidence-Based Nutrition Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes’. Diabetic Medicine 28.11 (2011): 1282–1288. Web.
‘Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention on Weight Change in South Asian Individuals in the UK at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Family-Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S2213858713702043>.
Emily A Hu. ‘White Rice Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review’. The BMJ 344 (2012): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307808/>.
Fogelholm, Mikael et al. ‘PREVIEW: Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle Intervention and Population Studies in Europe and around the World. Design, Methods, and Baseline Participant Description of an Adult Cohort Enrolled into a Three-Year Randomised Clinical Trial’. Nutrients 9.6 (2017): n. pag. Web.
Georgios S Papaetis. ‘Incretin-Based Therapies in Prediabetes: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives’. World Journal of Diabetes 5.6 (2014): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265868/>.
Gillies, C. L et al. ‘Pharmacological and Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’. BMJ 334.7588 (2007): 299–299. Web.
Gopalan, Anjali et al. ‘Awareness of Prediabetes and Engagement in Diabetes Risk?Reducing Behaviors’. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 49.4 (2015): 512–519. Web.
Gray, L. J., M. J. Davies, et al. ‘Detection of Impaired Glucose Regulation and/or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Using Primary Care Electronic Data, in a Multiethnic UK Community Setting’. Diabetologia 55.4 (2012): 959–966. Web.
Gray, L. J., N. A. Taub, et al. ‘The Leicester Risk Assessment Score for Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Regulation for Use in a Multiethnic UK Setting’. Diabetic Medicine 27.8 (2010): 887–895. Web.
Gray, Laura J. et al. ‘Engagement, Retention, and Progression to Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis of the Cluster-Randomised “Let’s Prevent Diabetes” Trial’. PLOS Medicine 13.7 (2016): n. pag. Web.
Gregg, Edward W., and Jonathan E. Shaw. ‘Global Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity’. New England Journal of Medicine (2017): n. pag. Web.
Hamman, R. F. et al. ‘Effect of Weight Loss With Lifestyle Intervention on Risk of Diabetes’. Diabetes Care 29.9 (2006): 2102–2107. Web.
‘Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years’. New England Journal of Medicine (2017): n. pag. Web.
Helen C Eborall. ‘Psychological Impact of Screening for Type 2 Diabetes: Controlled Trial and Comparative Study Embedded in the ADDITION (Cambridge) Randomised Controlled Trial’. BMJ : British Medical Journal 335.7618 (2007): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1971192/>.
‘How to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes? A Systematic Review of Behavioural Interventions- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S1751991817300785?returnurl=null&referrer=null>.
Joiner, Kevin L., Soohyun Nam, and Robin Whittemore. ‘Lifestyle Interventions Based on the Diabetes Prevention Program Delivered via eHealth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’. Preventive Medicine 100 (2017): 194–207. Web.
Koivusalo, Saila B. et al. ‘Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Can Be Prevented by Lifestyle Intervention: The Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study (RADIEL)’. Diabetes Care 39.1 (2016): 24–30. Web.
Laaksonen, D. E. et al. ‘Physical Activity in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study’. Diabetes 54.1 (2005): 158–165. Web.
LaMonte, M. J. ‘Physical Activity and Diabetes Prevention’. Journal of Applied Physiology 99.3 (2005): 1205–1213. Web.
‘Less Sitting, More Physical Activity, or Higher Fitness?- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S0025619615006308?returnurl=null&referrer=null>.
Ley, Sylvia H et al. ‘Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Dietary Components and Nutritional Strategies’. The Lancet 383.9933 (2014): 1999–2007. Web.
Li, R. et al. ‘Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent and Control Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review’. Diabetes Care 33.8 (2010): 1872–1894. Web.
Linda Penn. ‘Importance of Weight Loss Maintenance and Risk Prediction in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of European Diabetes Prevention Study RCT’. PLoS ONE 8.2 (2013): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3581561/>.
---. ‘Importance of Weight Loss Maintenance and Risk Prediction in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of European Diabetes Prevention Study RCT’. PLoS ONE 8.2 (2013): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3581561/>.
Lindstrom, J. et al. ‘The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS): Lifestyle Intervention and 3-Year Results on Diet and Physical Activity’. Diabetes Care 26.12 (2003): 3230–3236. Web.
Long, G.H. et al. ‘Healthy Behaviours and 10-Year Incidence of Diabetes: A Population Cohort Study’. Preventive Medicine 71 (2015): 121–127. Web.
Luchsinger, Jose A. et al. ‘Metformin, Lifestyle Intervention, and Cognition in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study’. Diabetes Care 40.7 (2017): 958–965. Web.
Malik, V. S., B. M. Popkin, et al. ‘Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis’. Diabetes Care 33.11 (2010): 2477–2483. Web.
Malik, V. S., A. Pan, et al. ‘Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 98.4 (2013): 1084–1102. Web.
Mann, Jim et al. ‘Dietary Guidelines on Trial: The Charges Are Not Evidence Based’. The Lancet 388.10047 (2016): 851–853. Web.
Matti Uusitupa. ‘Ten-Year Mortality and Cardiovascular Morbidity in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study—Secondary Analysis of the Randomized Trial’. PLoS ONE 4.5 (2009): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682577/>.
Nathan, D. M. et al. ‘Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Implications for Care’. Diabetes Care 30.3 (2007): 753–759. Web.
‘NICE - Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention in People at High Risk | Guidance and Guidelines’. Web. <https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph38>.
‘Nutrition Recommendations and Interventions for Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association’. Diabetes Care 31.Supplement 1 (2008): S61–S78. Web.
‘Obesity: Identification, Assessment and Management | Guidance and Guidelines | NICE’. n. pag. Web. <https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg189>.
Orozco, Leonardo J et al. ‘Exercise or Exercise and Diet for Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus’. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1996. Web. <http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD003054.pub3>.
Pan, A. et al. ‘Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: 3 Cohorts of US Adults and an Updated Meta-Analysis’. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 94.4 (2011): 1088–1096. Web.
Pan, X.-R. et al. ‘Effects of Diet and Exercise in Preventing NIDDM in People With Impaired Glucose Tolerance: The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study’. Diabetes Care 20.4 (1997): 537–544. Web.
‘Public Health England - Diabetes Prevention Programmes: Evidence Review’. 2015. Web. <https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/diabetes-prevention-programmes-evidence-review>.
Rajul Parikh,Annie Mathai,Shefali Parikh,G. Chandra Sekhar,Ravi Thomas. ‘Understanding and Using Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Values’. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology n. pag. Web. <http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=3&docId=GALE%7CA173264871&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=&prodId=EAIM&contentSet=GALE%7CA173264871&searchId=R1&userGroupName=leicester&inPS=true>.
Ramachandran, A. et al. ‘The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme Shows That Lifestyle Modification and Metformin Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Asian Indian Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IDPP-1)’. Diabetologia 49.2 (2006): 289–297. Web.
‘Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin’. New England Journal of Medicine 346.6 (2002): 393–403. Web.
‘---’. New England Journal of Medicine 346.6 (2002): 393–403. Web.
Schulze, Matthias B. ‘Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Weight Gain, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Young and Middle-Aged Women’. JAMA 292.8 (2004): n. pag. Web.
Schwingshackl, Lukas et al. ‘Food Groups and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies’. European Journal of Epidemiology 32.5 (2017): 363–375. Web.
‘Screening for Type 2 Diabetes: Literature Review and Economic Modelling’. Clinical Governance: An International Journal 12.4 (2007): n. pag. Web.
‘Sedentary Behaviors and Subsequent Health Outcomes in Adults- ClinicalKey’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0749379711003126>.
‘---’. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://www-clinicalkey-com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/#!/content/journal/1-s2.0-S0749379711003126>.
Stefan, Norbert et al. ‘A High-Risk Phenotype Associates with Reduced Improvement in Glycaemia during a Lifestyle Intervention in Prediabetes’. Diabetologia 58.12 (2015): 2877–2884. Web.
Steven N Blair. ‘Physical Inactivity: The Biggest Public Health Problem of the 21st Century’. British Journal of Sports Medicine 43 (2009): 1–2. Web. <http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/43/1/1.full>.
Sweeting, Arianne N. et al. ‘Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Early Pregnancy: Evidence for Poor Pregnancy Outcomes Despite Treatment’. Diabetes Care 39.1 (2016): 75–81. Web.
‘The 10-Year Cost-Effectiveness of Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin for Diabetes Prevention: An Intent-to-Treat Analysis of the DPP/DPPOS’. Diabetes Care 35.4 (2012): 723–730. Web.
Thomas Yates. ‘Walking Away from Type 2 Diabetes: Trial Protocol of a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating a Structured Education Programme in Those at High Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes’. BMC Family Practice 13 (2012): n. pag. Web. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3444401/>.
Tseng, Eva, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, and Nisa M. Maruthur. ‘Metformin Use in Prediabetes Among U.S. Adults, 2005?2012’. Diabetes Care 40.7 (2017): 887–893. Web.
Tuomilehto, Jaakko et al. ‘Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance’. New England Journal of Medicine 344.18 (2001): 1343–1350. Web.
‘Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention in People at High Risk | Guidance and Guidelines | NICE’. n. pag. Web. <https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph38/documents/preventing-type-2-diabetes-risk-identification-and-interventions-for-individuals-at-high-risk-draft-guidance-consultation>.
Vita, Philip et al. ‘Type 2 Diabetes Prevention in the Community: 12-Month Outcomes from the Sydney Diabetes Prevention Program’. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 112 (2016): 13–19. Web.
Webb, D. R. et al. ‘Screening for Diabetes Using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test within a Western Multi-Ethnic Population Identifies Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk: The ADDITION-Leicester Study’. Diabetologia 54.9 (2011): 2237–2246. Web.
Wu, Y. et al. ‘Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies’. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 25.2 (2015): 140–147. Web.
Yates, Thomas et al. ‘Stand up for Your Health: Is It Time to Rethink the Physical Activity Paradigm?’ Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 93.2 (2011): 292–294. Web.
