1
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
2
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
3
Thompson L, Horne A, Yong B, editors. Parliament and the law. Third edition. Oxford, England: Hart Publishing 2022.
4
Horne A, Drewry G, editors. Parliament and the law. [Second edition]. Oxford: Hart Publishing 2018.
5
Russell M, Gover D. Legislation at Westminster: parliamentary actors and influence in the making of British law. First edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press 2017.
6
Griffith, John A. G., Ryle, Michael, Blackburn, Robert, et al. Griffith and Ryle on Parliament: functions, practice and procedures. 2nd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell 2003.
7
Rush, Michael. Parliament today. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2005.
8
Baldwin, Nicholas. Parliament in the 21st Century. London: Politico’s 2005.
9
Flynn, Paul, Flynn, Paul. How to be an MP. Rev. ed. London: Biteback 2012.
10
Brandreth GD. Breaking the Code : Westminster Diaries: 1990-2007, Updated, Unexpurgated. New edition. London: Biteback Publishing 2014.
11
Cook, Robin F. Point of departure. London: Simon & Schuster 2003.
12
Arter, David. Comparing and classifying legislatures. London: Routledge 2007.
13
The Journal of Legislative Studies - Volume 12, Issue 3-4.
14
Bowler, Shaun, Farrell, David M., Katz, Richard S., et al. Party discipline and parliamentary government. Columbus: Ohio State University Press 1999.
15
Carey, John M. Legislative voting and accountability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2009.
16
Döring H. Parliaments and Majority Rule in Western Europe. 1995.
17
Fish, M. Steven, Kroenig, Matthew. The handbook of national legislatures: a global survey. New York: Cambridge University Press 2008.
18
Judge D. Institutional theory and legislatures - Chapter 6. Debating institutionalism. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2008.
19
Judge D. Institutional theory and legislatures - Chapter 6. In: Pierre J, Peters BG, Stoker G, eds. Debating Institutionalism. University of Strathclyde Glasgow: Strathprints Institutional Repository 2008.
20
Loewenberg, Gerhard, Squire, Peverill, Kiewiet, D. Roderick. Legislatures: comparative perspectives on representative assemblies. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Press 2002.
21
Norton, Philip. Parliaments in contemporary western Europe: Vol. 1: Parliaments and governments in western Europe. London: Frank Cass 1998.
22
Norton, Philip. Parliaments in contemporary western Europe: Vol. 2: Parliaments and pressure groups in western Europe. London: Frank Cass 1999.
23
Norton, Philip. Parliaments in contemporary Western Europe: Vol.3: Parliaments and citizens in Western Europe. London: Frank Cass 2002.
24
Norton, Philip. Parliaments in Western Europe. London: Cass 1990.
25
Norton, Philip. Legislatures. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1990.
26
Norton P. Parliaments: a Framework for Analysis. West European politics. 1990;13:1–9.
27
Shugart, Matthew Soberg, Carey, John M. Presidents and assemblies: constitutional design and electoral dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992.
28
Sieberer U. The Institutional Power of Western European Parliaments: A Multidimensional Analysis. West European Politics. 2011;34:731–54. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2011.572389
29
Strøm, Kaare, Müller, Wolfgang C., Bergman, Torbjörn. Delegation and accountability in parliamentary democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2003.
30
Parliamentary Affairs.
31
The Journal of Legislative Studies.
32
American Journal of Political Science.
33
British Journal of Political Science.
34
European Journal of Political Research.
36
Legislative Studies Quarterly.
38
The Political Quarterly.
39
West European Politics.
40
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
41
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
42
Bogdanor V. The new British constitution. Oxford: Hart 2009.
43
Bogdanor V, British Academy. The British constitution in the twentieth century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, for the British Academy 2003.
44
Wellings B, Vines E. Populism and Sovereignty: The EU Act and the In-Out Referendum, 2010–2015. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 10 September 2015. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsv045
45
Ian Loveland. Parliamentary Sovereignty and the European Community: The Unfinished Revolution? Parliamentary Affairs. 1996;49. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a028694
46
Riddell P. Parliament under Blair. Updated ed. London: Politico’s Publishing 2000.
47
Rush M. Parliament today. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2005.
48
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
49
Judge D. The parliamentary state. London: Sage Publications 1993.
50
Cowley P. The rebels : how Blair mislaid his majority. London: Politico’s 2005.
51
Cowley P. Revolts and rebellions: parliamentary voting under Blair. London: Politico’s 2002.
52
Cowley P, Norton P. Rebels and rebellions: Conservative MPs in the 1992 Parliament. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 1999;1:84–105. doi: 10.1111/1467-856X.00005
53
Benedetto G, Hix S. The Rejected, the Ejected, and the Dejected: Explaining Government Rebels in the 2001-2005 British House of Commons. Comparative Political Studies. 2007;40:755–81. doi: 10.1177/0010414006299095
54
Kam CJ. Party Discipline and Parliamentary Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2009.
55
SLAPIN JB, KIRKLAND JH, LAZZARO JA, et al. Ideology, Grandstanding, and Strategic Party Disloyalty in the British Parliament. American Political Science Review. 2017;1–16. doi: 10.1017/S0003055417000375
56
Dickinson N. Advice Giving and Party Loyalty: an Informational Model for the Socialisation Process of New British MPs1. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 26 September 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx035
57
Cowley P, Stuart M. In the Brown Stuff?: Labour Backbench Dissent Under Gordon Brown, 2007–10. Contemporary British History. 2014;28:1–23. doi: 10.1080/13619462.2013.794694
58
VIVYAN N, WAGNER M. Do voters reward rebellion? The electoral accountability of MPs in Britain. European Journal of Political Research. 2012;51:235–64. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2011.01998.x
59
Lynch P, Whitaker R. Where There is Discord, Can They Bring Harmony? Managing Intra-party Dissent on European Integration in the Conservative Party. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 2013;15:317–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-856X.2012.00526.x
60
Peele G, Francis J, editors. David Cameron and Conservative renewal: the limits of modernisation? Manchester: Manchester University Press 2016.
61
Hazell R, Yong B. The politics of coalition: how the Conservative-Liberal Democrat government works. Oxford: Hart Publishing 2012.
62
TORUN DEWAN and ARTHUR SPIRLING. Strategic Opposition and Government Cohesion in Westminster Democracies. The American Political Science Review. 2011;105:337–58.
63
Plumb A. How Do MPs in Westminster Democracies Vote When Unconstrained by Party Discipline? A Comparison of Free Vote Patterns on Marriage Equality Legislation. Parliamentary Affairs. 2015;68:533–54. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsu006
64
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
65
The Public Whip —. http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/
66
Philip Norton. The Fixed-term Parliaments Act and Votes of Confidence. Parliamentary Affairs. 2016;69:3–18. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsv003
67
Raymond CD. Voting Behaviour on Free Votes: Simply a Matter of Preferences? Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 28 September 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsw032
68
DEWAN T, SPIRLING A. Strategic Opposition and Government Cohesion in Westminster Democracies. American Political Science Review. 2011;105:337–58. doi: 10.1017/S0003055411000050
69
Government Defeats in the House of Lords. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/constitution-unit/research/parliament/house-of-lords/lords-defeats
70
Norton P. Cohesion without discipline: party voting in the House of Lords. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2003;9:57–72. doi: 10.1080/1357233042000306254
71
Russell M. A Stronger Second Chamber? Assessing the Impact of House of Lords Reform in 1999 and the Lessons for Bicameralism. Political Studies. 2010;58:866–85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2009.00810.x
72
Russell M, Sciara M. Independent Parliamentarians En Masse: The Changing Nature and Role of the ‘Crossbenchers’ in the House of Lords. Parliamentary Affairs. 2008;62:32–52. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsn034
73
Meg Russell & Maria Sciara. Why does the Government get defeated in the House of Lords?: The Lords, the Party System and British Politics. Why does the Government get defeated in the House of Lords?: The Lords, the Party System and British Politics. 2007;2.
74
Whitaker R. Ping-Pong and Policy Influence: Relations Between the Lords and Commons, 2005-06. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:536–45. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl036
75
Charley Coleman. House of Lords: Party and Group Strengths and Voting.
76
Giannetti D, Benoit K. Intra-party politics and coalition governments. London: Routledge 2008.
77
Sieberer U. Party unity in parliamentary democracies: A comparative analysis. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2006;12:150–78. doi: 10.1080/13572330600739413
78
Hix S, Noury A, Roland G. Democratic politics in the European Parliament. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2007.
79
Coman EE. Institutions and Vote Unity in Parliaments: Evidence from 33 National Chambers. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2015;21:360–89. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2015.1040246
80
Bowler S, Farrell DM, Katz RS, et al. Party discipline and parliamentary government. Columbus: Ohio State University Press 1999.
81
Daniel Diermeier and Timothy J. Feddersen. Cohesion in Legislatures and the Vote of Confidence Procedure. The American Political Science Review. 1998;92:611–21.
82
John D. Huber. The Vote of Confidence in Parliamentary Democracies. The American Political Science Review. 1996;90:269–82.
83
Loewenberg G, Squire P, Kiewiet DR. Legislatures: comparative perspectives on representative assemblies. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Press 2002.
84
Shugart MS, Carey JM. Presidents and assemblies: constitutional design and electoral dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992.
85
Cox GW, McCubbins MD. Setting the agenda: responsible party government in the U.S. House of Representatives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005.
86
Carey JM. Legislative voting and accountability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2009.
87
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
88
Russell M, Gover D, Wollter K. Does the Executive Dominate the Westminster Legislative Process?: Six Reasons for Doubt. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 21 May 2015. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsv016
89
Russell M, Gover D. Legislation at Westminster: parliamentary actors and influence in the making of British law. First edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press 2017.
90
Russell M, Cowley P. The Policy Power of the Westminster Parliament: The "Parliamentary State” and the Empirical Evidence. Governance. 2016;29:121–37. doi: 10.1111/gove.12149
91
Russell M, Gover D, Wollter K, et al. Actors, Motivations and Outcomes in the Legislative Process: Policy Influence at Westminster. Government and Opposition. 2015;1–27.
92
Greenberg D. Laying down the law: a discussion of the people, processes and problems that shape Acts of Parliament. London: Sweet & Maxwell 2011.
93
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
94
Griffith JAG, Ryle M, Blackburn R, et al. Griffith and Ryle on Parliament: functions, practice and procedures. 2nd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell 2003.
95
Thompson L, Horne A, Yong B, editors. Parliament and the law. Third edition. Oxford, England: Hart Publishing 2022.
96
Zander, Michael. Chapter 2 - Legislation: The Westminster Stage. The law-making process. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2004.
97
Zander M. The law-making process. Seventh edition. Oxford: Hart Publishing 2015.
98
Hunt M. Parliaments-and-Human-Rights.pdf.
99
Smookler J. Making a Difference? The Effectiveness of Pre-Legislative Scrutiny. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:522–35. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl017
100
Page E, Keith Ewing, Samuel Issacharoff. Governing by numbers: delegated legislation and everyday policy-making. Bloomsbury 2001.
101
Thompson L. More of the Same or a Period of Change? The Impact of Bill Committees in the Twenty-First Century House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. 2013;66:459–79. doi: 10.1093/pa/gss016
102
Thompson L. Evidence taking under the microscope: How has oral evidence affected the scrutiny of legislation in House of Commons committees? British Politics. 2014;9:385–400. doi: 10.1057/bp.2014.2
103
Whitaker R. Backbench Influence on Government Legislation? A Flexing of Parliamentary Muscles at Westminster. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:350–9. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl013
104
Brazier A, Fox R. Enhancing the Backbench MP’s Role As a Legislator: The Case for Urgent Reform of Private Members Bills. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:201–11. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp053
105
Marsh H, Marsh D. Tories in the Killing Fields? The Fate of Private Members’ Bills in the 1997 Parliament. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2002;8:91–112. doi: 10.1080/714003905
106
Marsh D, Read M. Private members’ bills. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1988.
107
de WAAL H. ‘There Ought to be a Law’: A Look at Private Members Bills. Statute Law Review. 1990;11:18–22. doi: 10.1093/slr/11.1.18
108
Successful Private Members’ Bills since 1983-84 - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN04568/successful-private-members-bills-since-198384
109
House of Commons - Private Members’ bills - Procedure Committee. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmproced/188/18802.htm
110
Select Committee on the Modernisation of the House of Commons. The Legislative Process (HC 1097 (2006)).
111
Modernisation: Programming of legislation - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN00569/modernisation-programming-of-legislation
112
The Parliament Acts - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN00675/the-parliament-acts
113
Drafting Legislation and the Parliamentary Counsel Office - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN03756/drafting-legislation-and-the-parliamentary-counsel-office
114
Modernisation: Public Bill Committees - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN04541/modernisation-public-bill-committees
115
Post-Legislative Scrutiny - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN05232/postlegislative-scrutiny
116
Pre-legislative scrutiny - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN02822/prelegislative-scrutiny
117
Pre-legislative scrutiny under the Coalition Government - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN05859/prelegislative-scrutiny-under-the-coalition-government
118
Bills & legislation - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/business/bills-and-legislation/
119
Sinclair B. Unorthodox lawmaking: new legislative processes in the U.S. Congress. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press 2000.
120
Kelso A. Parliamentary reform at Westminster. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2009.
121
Russell M, Gover D. Legislation at Westminster: parliamentary actors and influence in the making of British law. First edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press 2017.
122
Power G. The Politics of Parliamentary Reform: Lessons from the House of Commons (2001-2005). Parliamentary Affairs. 2007;60:492–509. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsm029
123
Flinders M. Analysing Reform: The House of Commons, 2001?5. Political Studies. 2007;55:174–200. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00648.x
124
Flinders M. Shifting the Balance? Parliament, the Executive and the British Constitution. Political Studies. 2002;50:23–42. doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.00357
125
Russell M. ‘Never Allow A Crisis Go To Waste’: The Wright Committee Reforms to Strengthen the House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. 2012;65:300–300. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsr066
126
Bates S, Goodwin M, McKay S. Do UK MPs Engage more with Select Committees since the Wright Reforms? An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, 1979–2016. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 26 April 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx007
127
Russell M. ‘Never Allow A Crisis Go To Waste’: The Wright Committee Reforms to Strengthen the House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. 2012;65:300–300. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsr066
128
Vernon Bogdanor. The Coalition and the Constitution. 2011. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/detail.action?docID=10496902
129
Armitage, Faith. From elite control to democratic competition: Procedural reform and cultural change in UK House of Commons Speakership elections. From elite control to democratic competition: Procedural reform and cultural change in UK House of Commons Speakership elections. 2012;7.
130
Norton P. Reforming parliament in the United Kingdom: The report of the commission to strengthen parliament. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2000;6:1–14. doi: 10.1080/13572330008420628
131
Norton P. Speaking for Parliament. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 18 September 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsw031
132
House of Lords Reform: Chronology 1900-2010 - Lords Library Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/LLN-2011-025/house-of-lords-reform-chronology-19002010
133
Kelso A. Reforming the House of Lords: Navigating Representation, Democracy and Legitimacy at Westminster. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:563–81. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl029
134
Norton P. Reforming the house of lords: a view from the parapets. Representation. 2004;40:185–99. doi: 10.1080/00344890408523265
135
RUSSELL M. House of Lords Reform: Are We Nearly There Yet? The Political Quarterly. 2009;80:119–25. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-923X.2009.01968.x
136
Russell M, Constitution Unit. Reforming the House of Lords: lessons from overseas. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1999.
137
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
138
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
139
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
140
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
141
Griffith JAG, Ryle M, Blackburn R, et al. Griffith and Ryle on Parliament: functions, practice and procedures. 2nd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell 2003.
142
Richard Gordon, Amy Street. Select Committees and Coercive Powers - Clarity or Confusion. 2012.
143
Thompson L, Horne A, Yong B, editors. Parliament and the law. Third edition. Oxford, England: Hart Publishing 2022.
144
David Atkinson AP. Balancing Act: The right role for Parliament in public appointments. 2011.
145
Benton M, Russell M. Assessing the Impact of Parliamentary Oversight Committees: The Select Committees in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. 2013;66:772–97. doi: 10.1093/pa/gss009
146
Meghan Benton MR. Selective Influence: The Policy Impact of House of Commons Select Committees. 2011.
147
Hindmoor A, Larkin P, Kennon A. Assessing the Influence of Select Committees in the UK: The Education and Skills Committee, 1997–2005. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2009;15:71–89. doi: 10.1080/13572330802666844
148
Geddes M. Committee Hearings of the UK Parliament: Who gives Evidence and does this Matter? Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx026
149
Rombach SM. The Development of the Treasury Select Committee 1995–2015. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 23 September 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx033
150
Bates S, Goodwin M, McKay S. Do UK MPs Engage more with Select Committees since the Wright Reforms? An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, 1979–2016. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 26 April 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx007
151
Brazier A, Fox R. Reviewing Select Committee Tasks and Modes of Operation. Parliamentary Affairs. 2011;64:354–69. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsr007
152
Foster DH. Going ‘Where Angels Fear to Tread’: How Effective was the Backbench Business Committee in the 2010-2012 Parliamentary Session? Parliamentary Affairs. 2015;68:116–34. doi: 10.1093/pa/gst008
153
Hazell R, Chalmers M, Russell M. Pre-Appointment Scrutiny Hearings in the British House of Commons: All Bark, or Some Bite? The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2012;18:222–41. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2012.673066
154
Bochel H, Defty A, Kirkpatrick J. ‘New Mechanisms of Independent Accountability’: Select Committees and Parliamentary Scrutiny of the Intelligence Services. Parliamentary Affairs. 2015;68:314–31. doi: 10.1093/pa/gst032
155
Kelso A. Parliamentary reform at Westminster. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2009.
156
Andrew Kennon. Pre-legislative scrutiny of draft Bills. Public Law. 2004.
157
Lucinda Maer, Mark Sandford. Select committees under scrutiny.
158
Griffiths S, Evans P. Constitution by Committee? Legislative Competence Orders under the Government of Wales Act (2007-2011). Parliamentary Affairs. 2013;66:480–510. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsr068
159
Bates S, Goodwin M, McKay S. Do UK MPs Engage more with Select Committees since the Wright Reforms? An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, 1979–2016. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 26 April 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx007
160
Hazell RJD. Improving Parliamentary Scrutiny of Public Appointments. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 4 April 2018. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsy017
161
Levy J. Public Bill Committees: An Assessment Scrutiny Sought; Scrutiny Gained. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:534–44. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp050
162
Thompson L. More of the Same or a Period of Change? The Impact of Bill Committees in the Twenty-First Century House of Commons. Parliamentary Affairs. 2013;66:459–79. doi: 10.1093/pa/gss016
163
Parliament. Guide for Select Committee Members 2024.
164
House of Commons Liaison Committee. Select committee effectiveness, resources and powers. 2012;HC 697 (second report of 2012-13 session).
165
House of Commons - Modernisation of the House of Commons - First Report. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmmodern/224/22402.htm
166
Backbench Business Committee. The work of the Backbench Business Committee 2010-12.
167
House of Commons Liaison Committee. Shifting the Balance: Select Committees and the Executive (first report of the Liaison Committee 1999-2000 session). 2000;HC 300. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmliaisn/300/30002.htm
168
The Departmental Select Committee System - Commons Library Research Paper - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/RP09-55/the-departmental-select-committee-system
169
Select Committees: evidence and witnesses - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN06208/select-committees-evidence-and-witnesses
170
Select Committees: core tasks - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN03161/select-committees-core-tasks
171
Backbench Business Committee. Work of the Committee in the 2010-15 Parliament.
172
Herbert Doring, editor. Parliaments and Majority Rule in Western Europe. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/db/vergleich/Publikationen/PMR.htm
173
Lanny W. Martin and Georg Vanberg. Policing the Bargain: Coalition Government and Parliamentary Scrutiny. American Journal of Political Science. 2004;48:13–27.
174
MARTIN S. Electoral Institutions, the Personal Vote, and Legislative Organization. Legislative Studies Quarterly. 2011;36:339–61. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-9162.2011.00018.x
175
Crisp BF, Escobar-Lemmon MC, Jones BS, et al. The Electoral Connection and Legislative Committees. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2009;15:35–52. doi: 10.1080/13572330802666786
176
Russell M. A Stronger Second Chamber? Assessing the Impact of House of Lords Reform in 1999 and the Lessons for Bicameralism. Political Studies. 2010;58:866–85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2009.00810.x
177
Kelso A. Reforming the House of Lords: Navigating Representation, Democracy and Legitimacy at Westminster. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:563–81. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl029
178
Griffith JAG, Ryle M, Blackburn R, et al. Griffith and Ryle on Parliament: functions, practice and procedures. 2nd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell 2003.
179
Thompson L, Horne A, Yong B, editors. Parliament and the law. Third edition. Oxford, England: Hart Publishing 2022.
180
Russell M. The contemporary House of Lords: Westminster bicameralism revived. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2013.
181
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
182
Russell M, Gover D. Legislation at Westminster: parliamentary actors and influence in the making of British law. First edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press 2017.
183
PARKINSON J. The House of Lords: A Deliberative Democratic Defence. The Political Quarterly. 2007;78:374–81. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-923X.2007.00866.x
184
Bochel H, Defty A. ‘A More Representative Chamber’: Representation and the House of Lords. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2012;18:82–97. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2012.646714
185
Bochel H, Defty A. A Question of Expertise: the House of Lords and Welfare Policy. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:66–84. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp019
186
D.N. Clarke and Donald Shell. Revision and amendment of legislation by the House of Lords - a case study. Public Law. 1994.
187
Russell M. A Stronger Second Chamber? Assessing the Impact of House of Lords Reform in 1999 and the Lessons for Bicameralism. Political Studies. 2010;58:866–85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2009.00810.x
188
Russell M, Sciara M. The Policy Impact of Defeats in the House of Lords. British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 2008;10:571–89. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-856X.2008.00331.x
189
Russell M, Constitution Unit. Reforming the House of Lords: lessons from overseas. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1999.
190
Connell AP. Prelates as Part-Time Parliamentarians: The Attendance and Participation of the Lords Spiritual in the Contemporary House of Lords. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 1 June 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsw013
191
Shell D. The House of Lords. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2007.
192
Shell D, Beamish D, Study of Parliament Group. The House of Lords at work: a study based on the 1988-1989 session. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1993.
193
Russell M, Sciara M. Why Does the Government get Defeated in the House of Lords?: The Lords, the Party System and British Politics. British Politics. 2007;2:299–322. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.bp.4200064
194
Meghan Benton MR. Expertise and Experience in the House of Lords. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/constitution-unit/research/consultancy/consultancy-projects/consultancy-projects/hol_appts_commission
195
Research Briefings - Public Attitudes Towards the House of Lords and House of Lords Reform. http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/LLN-2012-021#fullreport
196
Dorey P, Kelso A. House of Lords Reform Since 1911: Must the Lords Go? London: Palgrave Macmillan Limited 2011.
197
Kelso A. Reforming the House of Lords: Navigating Representation, Democracy and Legitimacy at Westminster. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:563–81. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl029
198
McLean I, Spirling A, Russell M. None of the Above: The UK House of Commons Votes on Reforming the House of Lords, February 2003. The Political Quarterly. 2003;74:298–310. doi: 10.1111/1467-923X.00539
199
RUSSELL M. Elected Second Chambers and Their Powers: An International Survey. The Political Quarterly. 2012;83:117–29. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-923X.2012.02275.x
200
RUSSELL M. House of Lords Reform: Are We Nearly There Yet? The Political Quarterly. 2009;80:119–25. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-923X.2009.01968.x
201
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
202
Russell M, Constitution Unit. Reforming the House of Lords: lessons from overseas. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1999.
203
Dorey P. 1949, 1969, 1999: The Labour Party and House of Lords Reform. Parliamentary Affairs. 2006;59:599–620. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsl031
204
Norton P. Reforming the house of lords: a view from the parapets. Representation. 2004;40:185–99. doi: 10.1080/00344890408523265
205
Russell M. What are Second Chambers for? Parliamentary Affairs. 2001;54:442–58. doi: 10.1093/parlij/54.3.442
206
Shell D. Labour and the House of Lords: a case study in constitutional reform. Parliamentary Affairs. 2000;53:290–310. doi: 10.1093/pa/53.2.290
207
Conventions on the relationship between the House of Commons and House of Lords - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN05996/conventions-on-the-relationship-between-the-house-of-commons-and-house-of-lords
208
The House of Lords Appointments Commission - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN02855/the-house-of-lords-appointments-commission
209
Ministers in the House of Lords - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN05226/ministers-in-the-house-of-lords
210
House of Lords Reform: Chronology 1900-2010 - Lords Library Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/LLN-2011-025/house-of-lords-reform-chronology-19002010
211
Possible implications of House of Lords reform LLN 2010/014 - Lords Library Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/LLN-2010-014/possible-implications-of-house-of-lords-reform-lln-2010014
212
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
213
Allen N. A New Ethical World of British MPs? The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2008;14:297–314. doi: 10.1080/13572330802259475
214
ALLEN N, BIRCH S. On either side of a moat? Elite and mass attitudes towards right and wrong. European Journal of Political Research. 2012;51:89–116. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2011.01992.x
215
VIVYAN N, WAGNER M. House or home? Constituent preferences over legislator effort allocation. European Journal of Political Research. 2015;n/a-n/a. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12119
216
Matthews F. Majoritarianism Reinterpreted: Effective Representation and the Quality of Westminster Democracy. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 7 June 2017. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsx011
217
Bochel C. Petitions Systems: Contributing to Representative Democracy? Parliamentary Affairs. 2013;66:798–815. doi: 10.1093/pa/gss005
218
Bowler S. Private Members’ Bills in the UK Parliament: Is There an ‘Electoral Connection’? The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2010;16:476–94. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2010.519457
219
Campbell R, Lovenduski J. What Should MPs Do? Public and Parliamentarians’ Views Compared. Parliamentary Affairs. 2015;68:690–708. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsu020
220
Campbell R, Cowley P. What Voters Want: Reactions to Candidate Characteristics in a Survey Experiment. Political Studies. 2014;62:745–65. doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.12048
221
Cowley P. Why not ask the audience? Understanding the public’s representational priorities. British Politics. 2013;8:138–63. doi: 10.1057/bp.2012.28
222
Carman CJ. Public Preferences for Parliamentary Representation in the UK: An Overlooked Link? Political Studies. 2006;54:103–22. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2006.00568.x
223
Hanretty C, Lauderdale BE, Vivyan N. Dyadic Representation in a Westminster System. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Published Online First: July 2016. doi: 10.1111/lsq.12148
224
Kolpinskaya E. Does religion count for religious parliamentary representation? Evidence from Early Day Motions. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2016;22:129–52. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2015.1134905
225
Childs S. New Labour’s women MPs: women representing women. London: Routledge 2004.
226
Flynn, Paul, Flynn, Paul. How to be an MP. Rev. ed. London: Biteback 2012.
227
Kalitowski S. Parliament for the People? Public Knowledge, Interest and Perceptions of the Westminster Parliament. Parliamentary Affairs. 2009;62:350–63. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp001
228
Susanna Kalitowski. Public attitudes to politics. http://www.hansardsociety.org.uk/research/public-attitudes/
229
Jennings W, Stoker G, Twyman J. The Dimensions and Impact of Political Discontent in Britain. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 23 January 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsv067
230
Norris P. The puzzle of constituency service. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 1997;3:29–49. doi: 10.1080/13572339708420508
231
Norton P. Parliament and Citizens in the United Kingdom. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2012;18:403–18. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2012.706053
232
Norton P, Wood DM. Back from Westminster: British members of Parliament and their constituents. Lexington, Ken: University Press of Kentucky 1993.
233
GAY O. MPs Go Back to Their Constituencies. The Political Quarterly. 2005;76:57–66. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-923X.2005.00656.x
234
Rush M. Parliament today. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2005.
235
Saalfeld T. Parliamentary Questions as Instruments of Substantive Representation: Visible Minorities in the UK House of Commons, 2005–10. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2011;17:271–89. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2011.595121
236
Kolpinskaya E. Substantive Religious Representation in the UK Parliament: Examining Parliamentary Questions for Written Answers, 1997–2012. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 3 February 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsw001
237
VIVYAN N, WAGNER M. Do voters reward rebellion? The electoral accountability of MPs in Britain. European Journal of Political Research. 2012;51:235–64. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2011.01998.x
238
Lamprinakou C, Morucci M, Campbell R, et al. All Change in the House? The Profile of Candidates and MPs in the 2015 British General Election. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 24 October 2016. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsw030
239
Kellermann M. Electoral Vulnerability, Constituency Focus, and Parliamentary Questions in the House of Commons. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 2015;n/a-n/a. doi: 10.1111/1467-856X.12075
240
Campbell R, Cowley P, Vivyan N, et al. Legislator Dissent as a Valence Signal. British Journal of Political Science. 2016;1–24. doi: 10.1017/S0007123416000223
241
Hanretty C, Lauderdale BE, Vivyan N. Dyadic Representation in a Westminster System. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Published Online First: July 2016. doi: 10.1111/lsq.12148
242
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
243
Rogers R, Walters RH. How parliament works. Seventh edition. London: Routledge 2015.
244
Hansard Society. Measured or Makeshift? Parliamentary scrutiny of the European Union. 2013.
245
Cygan A, Lynch P, Whitaker R. Parties, Parliament and Brexit. https://parlbrexit.co.uk/
246
House of Commons European Scrutiny Committee. Reforming the European Scrutiny System in the House of Commons. 2013;HC 109-I.
247
HM Government. Response to the House of Commons European Scrutiny Committee report 2013-14 - Publications - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/response-to-the-house-of-commons-european-scrutiny-committee-report-2013-14
248
European Scrutiny Committee. Scrutiny Reform follow-up and Legacy Report - European Scrutiny. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmeuleg/918/91802.htm
249
Carter CA. Rethinking UK Parliamentary Adaptation in EU Affairs: Devolution and Europeanisation. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2013;19:392–409. doi: 10.1080/13572334.2013.811956
250
Ian Loveland. Parliamentary Sovereignty and the European Community: The Unfinished Revolution? Parliamentary Affairs. 1996;49. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a028694
251
Wellings B, Vines E. Populism and Sovereignty: The EU Act and the In-Out Referendum, 2010–2015. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 10 September 2015. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsv045
252
Riddell P. Parliament under Blair. Updated ed. London: Politico’s Publishing 2000.
253
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
254
Enderlein H, Wälti S, Zürn M. Handbook on multi-level governance. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar 2010.
255
Auel K. Democratic Accountability and National Parliaments: Redefining the Impact of Parliamentary Scrutiny in EU Affairs. European Law Journal. 2007;13:487–504. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0386.2007.00380.x
256
Raunio T, Hix S. Backbenchers learn to fight back: European integration and parliamentary government. West European Politics. 2000;23:142–68. doi: 10.1080/01402380008425404
257
The UK Parliament and European Business - Commons Library Research Paper - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/RP05-85/the-uk-parliament-and-european-business
258
National Parliaments and EU law-making: how is the ‘yellow card’ system working? - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN06297/national-parliaments-and-eu-lawmaking-how-is-the-yellow-card-system-working
259
How the UK Government deals with EU Business - Commons Library Standard Note - UK Parliament. http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN06323/how-the-uk-government-deals-with-eu-business
260
Norton, Philip. Parliament in British politics. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
261
Rogers R, Walters R. How Parliament works. 6th ed. London: Longman 2006.
262
Gover D, Kenny M. Answering the West Lothian Question? A Critical Assessment of ‘English Votes for English Laws’ in the UK Parliament. Parliamentary Affairs. Published Online First: 17 February 2018. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsy003
263
Project EVEL – Analysing English Votes for English Laws. http://evel.uk/
264
Bogdanor V. The West Lothian Question. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:156–72. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp044
265
Bogdanor V. Devolution in the United Kingdom. New ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2001.
266
Lundberg TC. Proportional representation and the constituency role in Britain. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2007.
267
O’Neill M. Devolution and British politics. Harlow: Pearson Longman 2004.
268
Johnston R, Pattie C, Rossiter D. Devolution and Equality of Representation in the United Kingdom: A Constitutional Mess? The Political Quarterly. 2002;73:158–71. doi: 10.1111/1467-923X.00453
269
Riddell P. Parliament under Blair. Updated ed. London: Politico’s Publishing 2000.
270
Laffin M. Constitutional design: a framework for analysis. Parliamentary Affairs. 2000;53:532–41. doi: 10.1093/pa/53.3.532
271
Alan Page and Andrea Batey. Scotland’s other Parliament: Westminster legislation about devolved matters in Scotland since devolution. Public Law.
272
Trench A. The dynamics of devolution: the state of the nations 2005. Exeter: Imprint Academic 2005.
273
Baldwin N. Parliament in the 21st century. London: Politico’s 2005.
274
Keating M, Stevenson L, Cairney P, et al. Does devolution make a difference? Legislative output and policy divergence in Scotland. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 2003;9:110–39. doi: 10.1080/1357233042000246882
275
Mitchell J. The Narcissism of Small Differences: Scotland and Westminster. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:98–116. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp047
276
Trench A. Wales and the Westminster Model. Parliamentary Affairs. 2010;63:117–33. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsp048
277
CAIRNEY P. The analysis of Scottish Parliament committee influence: Beyond capacity and structure in comparing West European legislatures. European Journal of Political Research. 2006;45:181–208. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2006.00295.x
278
Whole issue. Parliamentary Affairs. 2000;53.
279
Deacon R. Devolution in Britain today. 2nd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2006.
280
Norton, Philip, Vincent Della Sala. The Italian Parliament: Chambers in a Crumbling House? Parliaments in contemporary western Europe: Vol. 1: Parliaments and governments in western Europe. London: Frank Cass 1998.
281
Norton, Philip, V. Della Sala (auth) P. Norton (ed.). Parliaments and citizens in Italy: a distant relationship. Parliaments in contemporary Western Europe: Vol.3: Parliaments and citizens in Western Europe. London: Frank Cass 2002.
282
Olson, D.M., Norton, P., Jana Reschova and Jinriska Syllova. The Legislature of the Czech Republic. The new parliaments of central and eastern Europe. London: Frank Cass 1996.
283
Olson, David M., L. Linek & Z. Mansfeldova (auth) D.M. Olson and P. Norton. Chapter 1: The parliament of the Czech Republic 1993-2004. Post-communist and post-soviet parliaments: the initial decade. London: Routledge 2008.
284
Hine, David. Chapter 6: Parliamentary Government (inc. notes). Governing Italy: the politics of bargained pluralism. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1993.
285
Money, Jeanette & Tsebelis, George. The political power of the French Senate: Micromechanisms of Bicameral negotiations. Journal of legislative studies. 1995;1.
