Bibliography for PL7530 The Politics of Conflict and Violence (Distance Learning)

[1]
▶ Audioboo / Interview with @AnthonyMcIntyre about the Belfast Project (‘Boston College tapes’): https://audioboo.fm/boos/1191527-interview-with-anthonymcintyre-about-the-belfast-project-boston-college-tapes.

[2]
10 years of terror | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/series/10-years-of-terror.

[3]
A Note on Academic (Ir)relevance | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/02/17/a-note-on-academic-irrelevance/.

[4]
About Crisis Group - International Crisis Group: https://www.crisisgroup.org/who-we-are.

[5]
Angela Davis’ 1972 Prison Interview Perfectly Explains the ‘Violence’ in Baltimore: http://mic.com/articles/116724/angela-davis-s-1972-prison-interview-perfectly-explains-the-violence-in-baltimore.

[6]
Are Some People Inherently More Violent Than Others? http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2013/11/08/are-some-people-inherently-more-violent-than-others/.

[7]
Articles | PAX IN NUCE: http://paxinnuce.com/category/articles/.

[8]
As Riots Follow Freddie Gray’s Death in Baltimore, Calls for Calm Ring Hollow - The Atlantic: http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/04/nonviolence-as-compliance/391640/.

[9]
Ayyash, M.M. 2013. The paradox of political violence. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 342–356. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476567.

[10]
Barkawi, T. 2011. From War to Security: Security Studies, the Wider Agenda and the Fate of the Study of War. Millennium - Journal of International Studies. 39, 3 (May 2011), 701–716. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0305829811400656.

[11]
Barkawi, T. and Brighton, S. 2011. Powers of War: Fighting, Knowledge, and Critique1. International Political Sociology. 5, 2 (Jun. 2011), 126–143. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2011.00125.x.

[12]
Beall, J. et al. 2013. Cities and Conflict in Fragile States in the Developing World. Urban Studies. 50, 15 (Nov. 2013), 3065–3083. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013487775.

[13]
Beier, J.M. 2003. Discriminating Tastes: ‘Smart’ Bombs, Non-Combatants, and Notions of Legitimacy in Warfare. Security Dialogue. 34, 4 (Dec. 2003), 411–425. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010603344003.

[14]
Binford, L. 2002. Violence in El Salvador: A Rejoinder to Philippe Bourgois’s `The Power of Violence in War and Peace’. Ethnography. 3, 2 (Jun. 2002), 201–219. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138102003002004.

[15]
Blakeley, R. 2007. bringing the state back into terrorism studies. European Political Science. 6, 3 (Sep. 2007), 228–235. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.eps.2210139.

[16]
Blakeley, R. 2010. Liberal democracies and the globalisation of state terrorism in the 21st century. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 3, 2 (Aug. 2010), 169–172. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2010.491314.

[17]
Blowback: the failure of remote-control warfare | openDemocracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/opensecurity/chris-abbott/blowback-failure-of-remotecontrol-warfare.

[18]
Boston College Subpoena News: http://bostoncollegesubpoena.wordpress.com/.

[19]
Boston College tapes fiasco harms search for truth in Troubles | Politics | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/may/06/boston-college-tapes-fiasco-northern-ireland-troubles.

[20]
Bourgois, P. 2001. The Power of Violence in War and Peace: Post-Cold War Lessons from El Salvador. Ethnography. 2, 1 (Mar. 2001), 5–34. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/14661380122230803.

[21]
Bourgois, P. 2002. The Violence of Moral Binaries: Response to Leigh Binford. Ethnography. 3, 2 (Jun. 2002), 221–231. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138102003002005.

[22]
BOYLE, M.J. 2013. The costs and consequences of drone warfare. International Affairs. 89, 1 (Jan. 2013), 1–29. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12002.

[23]
Brad Evans: Liberal Terror | Histories of Violence: http://historiesofviolence.com/new-press/brad-evans-liberal-terror/.

[24]
Brown, K.E. and Penttinen, E. 2013. "A ‘sucking chest wound’ is nature’s way of telling you to slow down….”: humour and laughter in war time. Critical Studies on Security. 1, 1 (Apr. 2013), 124–126. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/21624887.2013.790225.

[25]
Bufacchi, V. Two Concepts of Violence.

[26]
Calame, J. and Charlesworth, E.R. 2009. Divided cities: Belfast, Beirut, Jerusalem, Mostar, and Nicosia. University of Pennsylvania Press.

[27]
Chris J. Cuomo 1996. War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence. Hypatia. 11, 4 (1996), 30–45.

[28]
City forgotten | openDemocracy: http://www.opendemocracy.net/opensecurity/ayona-datta/city-forgotten.

[29]
Civil Unrest in the French Suburbs, November 2005: http://riotsfrance.ssrc.org/.

[30]
Cocks, J. 2012. The Violence of Structures and the Violence of Foundings. New Political Science. 34, 2 (Jun. 2012), 221–227. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2012.676400.

[31]
Collins, R. 2009. Reply to Felson and Cooney. The British Journal of Sociology. 60, 3 (Aug. 2009), 595–601. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01259.x.

[32]
Collins, R. 2009. The micro-sociology of violence. The British Journal of Sociology. 60, 3 (Aug. 2009), 566–576. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01256.x.

[33]
Cooney, M. 2009. The scientific significance of Collins’s Violence. The British Journal of Sociology. 60, 3 (Aug. 2009), 586–594. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01258.x.

[34]
Copelon, Rhonda 1994. Recognizing the Egregious in the Everyday: Domestic Violence as Torture. Columbia Human Rights Law Review. 25, 2 (1994).

[35]
COW Home Page: http://www.correlatesofwar.org/.

[36]
Crimean War 2.0: Ukraine and International Law · Simon Chesterman: http://simonchesterman.com/blog/2014/03/15/crimea/.

[37]
Detroit turned out to be heaven, but it also turned out to be hell | MetaFilter: http://www.metafilter.com/149266/Detroit-turned-out-to-be-heaven-but-it-also-turned-out-to-be-hell?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter.

[38]
Dexter, H. 2012. Terrorism and violence: another violence is possible? Critical Studies on Terrorism. 5, 1 (Apr. 2012), 121–137. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2012.659920.

[39]
Dilts, A. 2012. Revisiting Johan Galtung’s Concept of Structural Violence. New Political Science. 34, 2 (Jun. 2012), 191–194. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2012.676396.

[40]
Disposable Life: Rethinking Mass Violence in the 21st Century | Histories of Violence: https://www.historiesofviolence.com/disposablelife.

[41]
Doctors group releases startling analysis of the death and destruction inflicted upon Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan from the ‘War on Terror’ in Body Count | PSR: http://www.psr.org/news-events/press-releases/doctors-group-releases-startling-analysis.html.

[42]
Drones and asymmetric war | geographical imaginations: http://geographicalimaginations.com/2014/01/31/drones-and-asymmetric-war/.

[43]
Drones and military violence: Readings and screenings | geographical imaginations: http://geographicalimaginations.com/2012/08/01/drones-and-military-violence-readings-and-screenings/.

[44]
Drones: the west’s new terror campaign | Clive Stafford Smith | Comment is free | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/sep/25/drones-wests-terror-weapons-doodlebugs-1.

[45]
Dufort, P. 2013. Introduction: experiences and knowledge of war. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 26, 4 (Dec. 2013), 611–614. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2013.849409.

[46]
Dufort, P. 2013. Introduction: experiences and knowledge of war. (2013).

[47]
Enemark, C. 2011. Drones over Pakistan: Secrecy, Ethics, and Counterinsurgency. Asian Security. 7, 3 (Sep. 2011), 218–237. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14799855.2011.615082.

[48]
English riots: rejecting a moral debate - the rationality of violence | openDemocracy: http://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/helen-dexter/english-riots-rejecting-moral-debate-rationality-of-violence.

[49]
Enloe, C. 2013. Combat and ‘combat’: a feminist reflection. Critical Studies on Security. 1, 2 (Aug. 2013), 260–263.

[50]
Ethical and legal issues surrounding academic research into online radicalisation: a UK experience: http://www.tandfonline.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1080/17539153.2012.723447.

[51]
Ethical Considerations and Approval for Research Involving Human Participants — University of Leicester: http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/gradschool/training/eresources/study-guides/research-ethics/research-ethics.

[52]
Evans, B. and Critchley, S. 2011. 9/11 - A Duty to Remember, but What? Social Europe Journal. (Aug. 2011).

[53]
Evans, B. and Critchley, S. 2011. Ten Years of Terror. Histories of Violence.

[54]
Eyewitnesses: The Baltimore Riots Didn’t Start the Way You Think | Mother Jones: http://m.motherjones.com/politics/2015/04/how-baltimore-riots-began-mondawmin-purge.

[55]
Felson, R.B. 2009. Is violence natural, unnatural, or rational? The British Journal of Sociology. 60, 3 (Aug. 2009), 577–585. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01257.x.

[56]
Ferrándiz, F. 2004. The Body as Wound: Possession, Malandros and Everyday Violence in Venezuela. Critique of Anthropology. 24, 2 (Jun. 2004), 107–133. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0308275X04042649.

[57]
Finlay, C.J. 2009. Hannah Arendt’s Critique of Violence. Thesis Eleven. 97, 1 (May 2009), 26–45. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513608101907.

[58]
First Conference [Documents & Downloads] / ICSR: http://icsr.info/2012/10/first-conference-documents-downloads/.

[59]
Four Reasons Why Interstate Conflict Scholars Don’t Read Intrastate Work and Why They are Wrong, Part 1 | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/01/21/four-reasons-why-interstate-conflict-scholars-dont-read-intrastate-work-and-why-they-are-wrong-part-1/.

[60]
Frazer, E. and Hutchings, K. 2007. Argument and Rhetoric in the Justification of Political Violence. European Journal of Political Theory. 6, 2 (Apr. 2007), 180–199. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1474885107074349.

[61]
Frazer, E. and Hutchings, K. 2011. Avowing violence: Foucault and Derrida on politics, discourse and meaning. Philosophy & Social Criticism. 37, 1 (Jan. 2011), 3–23. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0191453710384359.

[62]
Frazer, E. and Hutchings, K. 2008. On Politics and Violence: Arendt Contra Fanon. Contemporary Political Theory. 7, 1 (Feb. 2008), 90–108. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300328.

[63]
Frazer, E. and Hutchings, K. 2011. Remnants and Revenants: Politics and Violence in the Work of Agamben and Derrida. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 13, 2 (May 2011), 127–144. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2010.00428.x.

[64]
Frazer, E. and Hutchings, K. 2011. Virtuous Violence and the Politics of Statecraft in Machiavelli, Clausewitz and Weber. Political Studies. 59, 1 (Mar. 2011), 56–73. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2010.00841.x.

[65]
Full Lectures | Histories of Violence: http://historiesofviolence.com/specialseries/ten-years-of-terror/full-lectures/.

[66]
Gerry Adams welcomes Boston College offer to return Troubles tapes | Uk-news | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/may/06/boston-college-tapes-gerry-adams.

[67]
Go home, David Simon. Without justice in Baltimore, there can be no peace | Comment is free | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/28/go-home-david-simon-no-justice-no-peace-baltimore?CMP=fb_gu.

[68]
Goodfellow, T. and Smith, A. 2013. From Urban Catastrophe to ‘Model’ City? Politics, Security and Development in Post-conflict Kigali. Urban Studies. 50, 15 (Nov. 2013), 3185–3202. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013487776.

[69]
Gregory, D. 2011. From a View to a Kill: Drones and Late Modern War. Theory, Culture & Society. 28, 7–8 (Dec. 2011), 188–215. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276411423027.

[70]
Gregory, D. War and peace.

[71]
Gregory, D. War and Peace.

[72]
Group Emotions and Violence | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/03/04/group-emotions-and-violence/.

[73]
Gunning, J. and Jackson, R. 2011. What’s so ‘religious’ about ‘religious terrorism’? Critical Studies on Terrorism. 4, 3 (Dec. 2011), 369–388. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2011.623405.

[74]
Haddad, Y.Y. and Balz, M.J. 2006. The October Riots in France: A Failed Immigration Policy or the Empire Strikes Back? International Migration. 44, 2 (Jun. 2006), 23–34. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2006.00362.x.

[75]
Hagmann, J. 2013. Representations of terrorism and the making of counterterrorism policy. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 6, 3 (Dec. 2013), 429–446. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2013.836306.

[76]
Heath-Kelly, C. 2013. Counter-Terrorism and the Counterfactual: Producing the ‘Radicalisation’ Discourse and the UK PREVENT Strategy. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 15, 3 (2013), 394–415. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2011.00489.x.

[77]
Histories of Violence: http://historiesofviolence.com.

[78]
Holmqvist, C. 2013. Undoing War: War Ontologies and the Materiality of Drone Warfare. Millennium - Journal of International Studies. 41, 3 (Jun. 2013), 535–552. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0305829813483350.

[79]
How to Slowly Kill Yourself and Others in America: A Remembrance: 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20200519003849/https://gawker.com/5927452/how-to-slowly-kill-yourself-and-others-in-america-a-remembrance.

[80]
Hume, M. 2009. Researching the Gendered Silences of Violence in El Salvador. IDS Bulletin. 40, 3 (May 2009), 78–85. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00042.x.

[81]
If we don’t see Blair exchanges with Bush, we’ll never know the truth about Iraq: http://theconversation.com/if-we-dont-see-blair-exchanges-with-bush-well-never-know-the-truth-about-iraq-27137.

[82]
In Ferguson and Baltimore, some see riots; others see rebellions: Jarvis DeBerry | NOLA.com: http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2015/05/baltimore_riots_rebellions.html.

[83]
Inside : Palgrave Connect: http://www.palgraveconnect.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/pc/socculstud2008/browse/inside/9780230582125.html.

[84]
Interactive Presentations - International Crisis Group: https://www.crisisgroup.org/crisiswatch.

[85]
Is the use of unmanned military drones ethical or criminal? - video debate | Comment is free | theguardian.com: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/video/2013/dec/02/unmanned-military-drones-battle-ethical-video-debate.

[86]
Is War Too Important to be Left to Social Scientists? | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/01/13/is-war-too-important-to-be-left-to-social-scientists/.

[87]
Isis’s promise of certainty is what lures the likes of Mohammed Emwazi | Jonathan Freedland | Comment is free | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/feb/27/isis-mohammed-emwazi-islamic-state-binary-view-good-evil.

[88]
Jackson, R. 2008. The ghosts of state terror: knowledge, politics and terrorism studies. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 1, 3 (Dec. 2008), 377–392.

[89]
‘Jihadi John’ From ISIS Execution Videos Was Under Watch by British Intelligence - NYTimes.com: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/world/europe/british-intelligence-services-had-early-encounter-with-man-identified-as-isis-fighter.html.

[90]
‘Jihadi John’: Islamic State killer is identified as Londoner Mohammed Emwazi - The Washington Post: http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/jihadi-john-the-islamic-state-killer-behind-the-mask-is-a-young-londoner/2015/02/25/d6dbab16-bc43-11e4-bdfa-b8e8f594e6ee_story.html.

[91]
Jobs alone are not enough to keep youth away from violence: http://www.humanosphere.org/world-politics/2015/03/jobs-alone-not-enough-keep-youth-away-violence/?utm_content=bufferd99cd&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer.

[92]
Johan Galtung 1969. Violence, Peace, and Peace Research. Journal of Peace Research. 6, 3 (1969), 167–191.

[93]
Johnson, D.E. et al. 2011. The 2008 battle of Sadr City. RAND.

[94]
Justino, P. et al. 2009. Quantitative Methods in Contexts of Everyday Violence. IDS Bulletin. 40, 3 (May 2009), 41–49. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00037.x.

[95]
Kaplan, O. 2013. Nudging Armed Groups: How Civilians Transmit Norms of Protection. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 2, 3 (Dec. 2013). DOI:https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.cw.

[96]
Kaplan, O. 2013. Nudging Armed Groups: How Civilians Transmit Norms of Protection. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 2, 3 (Dec. 2013). DOI:https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.cw.

[97]
Kaplan, S. 2009. Three prejudices against terrorism. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2, 2 (Aug. 2009), 181–199. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539150903010285.

[98]
Kathleen Ho Structural Violence as a Human Rights Violation.

[99]
Kilby, J. 2013. An interview with Michel Wieviorka: Violence, evil, and good. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 377–390. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476580.

[100]
Kilby, J. 2013. Introduction to Special Issue: Theorizing Violence. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 261–272. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476579.

[101]
Kilby, J. 2013. The visual fix: The seductive beauty of images of violence. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 326–341. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476539.

[102]
Killology Research Group: https://www.killology.com/.

[103]
LA Riots - Then & Now | Los Angeles News and Events | LA Weekly: http://www.laweekly.com/microsites/la-riots/.

[104]
Lockhart, C. 2008. The Life and Death of a Street Boy in East Africa: Everyday Violence in the Time of AIDS. Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 22, 1 (Mar. 2008), 94–115. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1387.2008.00005.x.

[105]
Love/Hate: New York, Race, and 1989 by Garrett McGrath | Wilson Quarterly: http://wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/summer-2014-1989-and-the-making-of-our-modern-world/lovehate-new-york-race-and-1989/.

[106]
Malesevic, S. 2013. Forms of brutality: Towards a historical sociology of violence. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 273–291. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476524.

[107]
McGee, R. 2009. Conclusion: Understanding Violent Realities … and Transforming Them? IDS Bulletin. 40, 3 (May 2009), 107–122. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00049.x.

[108]
Mohammed Emwazi, in His Own Words - NYTimes.com: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/02/26/world/middleeast/mohammed-emwazi-quotes-isis.html?smid=fb-share&_r=3.

[109]
Mohammed Emwazi: yearbook reveals boy who liked chips and S Club 7 | UK news | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/feb/27/mohammed-emwazi-yearbook-reveals-boy-who-liked-chips-and-s-club-7.

[110]
Moncrieffe, J. 2009. Researching with ‘Violent Actors’: Dangers, Responsibilities and Ethics. IDS Bulletin. 40, 3 (May 2009), 97–99. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00045.x.

[111]
More Than Riots : A Question of Spheres: https://items.ssrc.org/riots-in-france/more-than-riots-a-question-of-spheres/.

[112]
Moser, C.O.N. Urban Violence and Insecurity: An Introductory Roadmap.

[113]
Moxham, B. and Carapic, J. 2013. Unravelling Dili: The Crisis of City and State in Timor-Leste. Urban Studies. 50, 15 (Nov. 2013), 3116–3133. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013487774.

[114]
NATO must take responsibility for spiralling violence in Libya: http://theconversation.com/nato-must-take-responsibility-for-spiralling-violence-in-libya-27050.

[115]
NBC News launches legal bid to obtain Boston College interview tapes | Politics | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/may/21/boston-college-project-tapes-nbc-legal-challenge-northern-ireland.

[116]
New data shows drones killed hundreds of Pakistani civilians: http://theconversation.com/new-data-shows-drones-killed-hundreds-of-pakistani-civilians-27345.

[117]
Niva, S. 2013. Disappearing violence: JSOC and the Pentagon’s new cartography of networked warfare. Security Dialogue. 44, 3 (Jun. 2013), 185–202. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010613485869.

[118]
Nordin, A.H.M. and Oberg, D. 2015. Targeting the Ontology of War: From Clausewitz to Baudrillard. Millennium - Journal of International Studies. 43, 2 (Jan. 2015), 392–410. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0305829814552435.

[119]
Obama’s Speech and Fretting Allies: http://warontherocks.com/2014/05/obamas-speech-and-fretting-allies/.

[120]
On Violence | Histories of Violence Visual Histories Series: http://historiesofviolence.com/on-violence/.

[121]
Ossman, S. and Terrio, S. 2006. The French Riots: Questioning Spaces of Surveillance and Sovereignty. International Migration. 44, 2 (Jun. 2006), 5–21. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2006.00361.x.

[122]
Pain, R. 2014. Everyday terrorism: Connecting domestic violence and global terrorism. Progress in Human Geography. 38, 4 (Aug. 2014), 531–550. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132513512231.

[123]
Parashar, S. 2013. What wars and ‘war bodies’ know about international relations. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 26, 4 (Dec. 2013), 615–630. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2013.837429.

[124]
Photojournalism ethics need updating, Kenny Irby says (I agree) | The Buttry Diary: https://stevebuttry.wordpress.com/2015/03/11/photojournalism-ethics-need-updating-kenny-irby-says-i-agree/.

[125]
Pictured - Mohammed Emwazi before he became Isis killer | World news | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/26/cold-sadistic-and-merciless-mohammed-emwazis-journey-to-jihad.

[126]
Pinker, S. 20AD. The Decline of Violence: Taming The Devil Within Us. Nature. 478, (20AD).

[127]
Police Brutality has no Borders - Democracy Now: http://m.democracynow.org/web_exclusives/2514.

[128]
Policing Urban Violence in Pakistan - International Crisis Group: http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/asia/south-asia/pakistan/255-policing-urban-violence-in-pakistan.aspx?utm_source=pakistan-report&utm_medium=1&utm_campaign=mremail.

[129]
Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/.

[130]
Raining on the Parade: Some Cautions Regarding the Global Database of Events, Language and Tone Dataset | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/02/20/raining-on-the-parade-some-cautions-regarding-the-global-database-of-events-language-and-tone-dataset/.

[131]
Ray, L. 2013. Mark of Cain: Shame, desire and violence. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 292–309. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476536.

[132]
Reading the Riots | UK news | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/uk/series/reading-the-riots.

[133]
Reinventing prevention of exposing the gap? False positives in Uk terrorism governance and the quest for pre-emption.: http://www.tandfonline.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1080/17539153.2012.659910.

[134]
Remote control, a new way of war | openDemocracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/paul-rogers/remote-control-new-way-of-war.

[135]
Remote control: light on new war | openDemocracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/paul-rogers/remote-control-light-on-new-war.

[136]
Remote Control Project: http://remotecontrolproject.org/.

[137]
Remote-control warfare briefing #8, January 2015: Attacks in Paris, terrorist use of drones, Sony Pictures hack | Open Briefing: http://www.openbriefing.org/issuedesks/remote-control-warfare-briefing-8-january-2015/.

[138]
Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions: http://justsecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/UN-Special-Rapporteur-Extrajudicial-Christof-Heyns-Report-Drones.pdf?utm_source=Press mailing list&utm_campaign=6de0426c90-2013_10_17_Heyns_drones_report_UN&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_022da08134-6de0426c90-286021377.

[139]
Reprieve - Drones: http://www.reprieve.org.uk/investigations/drones/.

[140]
Research Code of Conduct: https://le.ac.uk/-/media/uol/docs/research/approach/integrity/research-code-of-conduct.pdf.

[141]
Research ethics: https://esrc.ukri.org/funding/guidance-for-applicants/research-ethics/.

[142]
Research Ethics and Integrity - University of Leicester: https://le.ac.uk/research/regi/ethics-and-integrity.

[143]
Research Governance Ethics & Integrity - Research Governance Office (RGO): https://uniofleicester.sharepoint.com/sites/Research-Governance-Ethics-Integrity.

[144]
Researching While Black: Why Conflict Research Needs More African Americans (Maybe) | Political Violence @ a Glance: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2013/04/10/researching-while-black-why-conflict-research-needs-more-african-americans-maybe/.

[145]
Richards, A. The problem with ‘radicalization’: the remit of ‘Prevent’ and the need to refuse on terrorism in the UK.

[146]
Riots in Baltimore the product of anger, deep dysfunction | The Big Story: https://apnews.com/article/d3de4b574a8d4ad59bef5c9453d11148.

[147]
Risk-transfer militarism: the new Western way of war, 13 Nov. 2001 | Martin Shaw: http://martinshaw.org/2009/12/13/risk-transfer-militarism-the-new-western-way-of-war-13-nov-2001/.

[148]
Ronald Shaw, I.G. and Akhter, M. 2012. The Unbearable Humanness of Drone Warfare in FATA, Pakistan. Antipode. 44, 4 (Sep. 2012), 1490–1509. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00940.x.

[149]
Rosenfeld, Michael J. 1997. Celebration, Politics, Selective Looting and Riots: A Micro Level Study of the Bulls Riot of 1992 in Chicago. Social Problems. 44, (1997).

[150]
Sarkees, M.R. The COW Typology of War: Defining and Categorizing Wars.

[151]
Savitch, H.V. 2008. Cities in a time of terror: space, territory, and local resilience. M.E. Sharpe.

[152]
Schepher-Hughes, N. 1996. Small Wars and Invisible Genocides. Social Science & Medicine. 43, 5 (1996), 889–900. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(96)00152-9.

[153]
Schinkel, W. 2013. Regimes of Violence and the Trias Violentiae. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 310–325. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476537.

[154]
Schneider, J. and Susser, I. 2003. Wounded cities: destruction and reconstruction in a globalized world. Berg.

[155]
Secrets From Belfast - Research - The Chronicle of Higher Education: http://chronicle.com/article/Secrets-from-Belfast/144059/.

[156]
Sept. 11 and the Cycle of Revenge - NYTimes.com: 2011. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/08/the-cycle-of-revenge/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1.

[157]
Shanahan, T. 2010. Betraying a certain corruption of mind: how (and how not) to define ‘terrorism’. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 3, 2 (Aug. 2010), 173–190. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539150903306139.

[158]
Shapiro, M.J. 2011. The Presence of War: "Here and Elsewhere”1. International Political Sociology. 5, 2 (Jun. 2011), 109–125. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2011.00124.x.

[159]
Shaw, M. Risk transfer militarism, small massacres and the historic legitimacy of war.

[160]
Sinn Féin president Gerry Adams held over 1972 Jean McConville killing | Politics | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/apr/30/gerry-adams-held-jean-mconville-killing.

[161]
Sluka, J. 2008. Terrorism and taboo: an anthropological perspective on political violence against civilians. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 1, 2 (Jul. 2008), 167–183.

[162]
Steven Pinker: Why Violence Is Vanishing - WSJ.com: http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424053111904106704576583203589408180.

[163]
Stohl, M. 2008. Old myths, new fantasies and the enduring realities of terrorism. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 1, 1 (Mar. 2008), 5–16. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539150701846443.

[164]
Swift, S. 2013. Hannah Arendt, violence and vitality. European Journal of Social Theory. 16, 3 (Aug. 2013), 357–376. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431013476578.

[165]
Sylvester, C. 2013. Experiencing war: a challenge for international relations. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 26, 4 (Dec. 2013), 669–674. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2013.849410.

[166]
Ten Years of Terror: Commemorating the 10th Anniversary of 9/11 | Histories of Violence: https://www.historiesofviolence.com/tenyearsofterror.

[167]
terrorism | geographical imaginations: http://geographicalimaginations.com/category/terrorism/.

[168]
The Atrocities Prevention Board Study Assistance Program (APBSAB) |: http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2013/07/02/the-atrocities-prevention-board-study-assistance-program-apbsab/#more-2437.

[169]
The circus: How British intelligence primed both sides of the â��terror warâ�� | Middle East Eye: http://www.middleeasteye.net/columns/circus-how-british-intelligence-primed-both-sides-terror-war-55293733.

[170]
The everyday fear of violence every woman has to cope with| Eva Wiseman | Lifeandstyle | The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/jun/01/mens-rights-internet-forums-distance-from-misogynist-mass-murder.

[171]
The Nature of the French Riots: http://riotsfrance.ssrc.org/Roy/.

[172]
The Natures of War - Derek Gregory - Video Lecture: http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/gsd/news/title,231757,en.php.

[173]
The problem with wanting ‘peace’ in Baltimore: http://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/gross-misunderstanding-peace-baltimore/.

[174]
The protests in Turkey: urban warfare in ‘rebel cities’ | openDemocracy: http://www.opendemocracy.net/bulent-gokay-farzana-shain/protests-in-turkey-urban-warfare-in-rebel-cities.

[175]
The Rendition Project: https://web.archive.org/web/20210126004018/https://www.therenditionproject.org.uk/.

[176]
The Research Ethics Guidebook: http://www.ethicsguidebook.ac.uk/.

[177]
The Rhyme of History: Lessons of the Great War | Brookings Institution: http://www.brookings.edu/research/essays/2013/rhyme-of-history#.

[178]
The Truths Behind ’Dr. Strangelove’ : The New Yorker: http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2014/01/strangelove-for-real.html.

[179]
Theorising the "suspect community’: counter-terrorism, security practices and the public imagination: http://www.tandfonline.com.ezproxy4.lib.le.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1080/17539153.2013.867714.

[180]
Thinkers | Histories of Violence: http://historiesofviolence.com/thinkers/.

[181]
Today Is The 23rd Anniversary of the Rodney King Riots. Obama Is Right, Not Much Has Changed | Mother Jones: http://m.motherjones.com/mixed-media/2015/04/rodney-king-riots-baltimore-anniversary.

[182]
Today Is The 23rd Anniversary of the Rodney King Riots. Obama Is Right, Not Much Has Changed | Mother Jones: http://m.motherjones.com/mixed-media/2015/04/rodney-king-riots-baltimore-anniversary.

[183]
Toros, H. and Mavelli, L. 2013. Terrorism, organised crime and the biopolitics of violence. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 6, 1 (Apr. 2013), 73–91. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2013.765701.

[184]
UN rapporteur Christof Heyns condemns use of drone strikes | World news | theguardian.com: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/17/un-rapporteur-heyns-drone-strikes-yemen-pakistan.

[185]
University Ethics Review — University of Leicester: http://www2.le.ac.uk/institution/committees/research-ethics/review.

[186]
Unmanned America’s Drone War | A Project of Brave New Films: http://unmanned.warcosts.com/.

[187]
Urban Violence and Street Gangs: http://www.annualreviews.org.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.093426.

[188]
Vázquez-Arroyo, A.Y. 2012. The Antinomies of Violence and Catastrophe: Structures, Orders, and Agents. New Political Science. 34, 2 (Jun. 2012), 211–221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2012.676399.

[189]
Violence in France: http://riotsfrance.ssrc.org/Wieviorka/.

[190]
Violence : Richard Bernstein |: http://www.politicalconcepts.org/bernstein-violence/.

[191]
Violence : Uday S. Mehta |: http://www.politicalconcepts.org/violence-uday-s-mehta/.

[192]
Walker, R. 2010. Violence, the everyday and the question of the ordinary. Contemporary South Asia. 18, 1 (Mar. 2010), 9–24. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09584930903561564.

[193]
Wall, T. and Monahan, T. 2011. Surveillance and violence from afar: The politics of drones and liminal security-scapes. Theoretical Criminology. 15, 3 (Aug. 2011), 239–254.

[194]
Walzer, M. Targeted Killing and Drone Warfare.

[195]
Wheeler, J. 2009. Risk and Fear in Researching Violence. IDS Bulletin. 40, 3 (May 2009), 94–96. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00044.x.

[196]
Where Are All the Female Bloggers? http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2013/06/28/where-are-all-the-female-bloggers/.

[197]
Why Britain won’t talk about crucial elements of Jihadi John’s story | openDemocracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/ben-hayes/why-britain-won%E2%80%99t-talk-about-crucial-elements-of-jihadi-john%E2%80%99s-story.

[198]
Why Torture When Torture Does Not Work? Orientalism, Anti-Blackness and the Persistence of White Terror | The Disorder Of Things: http://thedisorderofthings.com/2015/01/21/why-torture-when-torture-does-not-work-orientalism-anti-blackness-and-the-persistence-of-white-terror/.

[199]
Williams, B.G. 2010. The CIA’s Covert Predator Drone War in Pakistan, 2004–2010: The History of an Assassination Campaign. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 33, 10 (Sep. 2010), 871–892. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2010.508483.

[200]
Winlow, S. and Hall, S. 2006. Violent night: urban leisure and contemporary culture. Berg.

[201]
Winter, Y. 2012. Violence and Visibility. New Political Science. 34, 2 (Jun. 2012), 195–202. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2012.676397.

[202]
Winton, A. 2004. Urban violence: a guide to the literature. Environment and Urbanization. 16, 2 (Oct. 2004), 165–184. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/095624780401600208.

[203]
Youth Violence in Latin America: http://www.palgraveconnect.com.ezproxy3.lib.le.ac.uk/pc/socialsciences2010/browse/inside/9780230101333.html.

[204]
Zehfuss, M. 2012. Killing Civilians: Thinking the Practice of War. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 14, 3 (Aug. 2012), 423–440. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2011.00491.x.

[205]
Zehfuss, M. 2011. Targeting: Precision and the production of ethics. European Journal of International Relations. 17, 3 (Sep. 2011), 543–566. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066110373559.

[206]
2012. Critical Studies on Terrorism Special Section: Assessing the Effectiveness of Counter-Radicalisation Policies in North-Western Europe. 5, 3 (2012).

[207]
On Violence Issue One Full Text.

[208]
Urban_Violence_and_Insecurity.pdf.

[209]
US drone strikes in Pakistan - asa330132013en.pdf.

[210]
11AD. What is everyday violence?

[211]
Why Can’t Johnny Kill?: the pyschology and physiology of interpersonal combact.

Bibliography for PL7530 The Politics of Conflict and Violence (Distance Learning) BETA