Bibliography for AM2014 Ethnicity and Diversity in American Life BETA

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Allen, Theodore. The Invention of the White Race: Vol.1: Racial Oppression and Social Control. Haymarket series. London: Verso, 1994. Print.

---. The Invention of the White Race: Vol.2: The Origins of Racial Oppression in Anglo-America. The Haymarket series. London: Verso, 1997. Print.

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Asante, Molefi Kete. Afrocentricity: The Theory of Social Change. Rev. and expanded. Chicago, Ill: African American Images, 2003. Print.

---. Kemet, Afrocentricity, and Knowledge. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 1990. Print.

Badger, Anthony J. The New Deal: The Depression Years, 1933-1940. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1989. Print.

Barbour, Floyd B. The Black Power Revolt: A Collection of Essays. Extending horizons books. Boston, Mass: Porter Sargent, 1968. Print.

Berkhofer, Robert F. The White Man’s Indian: Images of the American Indian, from Columbus to the Present. New York, N.Y.: Vintage Books, 1979. Print.

Berry, Brewton. Almost White. London: Macmillan, 1963. Print.

Branch, Taylor. At Canaan’s Edge: America in the King Years, 1965-68. London: Simon and Schuster, 2007. Print.

---. Parting the Waters: Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-63. London: Papermac, 1990. Print.

Cahn, Steven M. The Affirmative Action Debate. London: Routledge, 1995. Print.

Carlos K. Blanton. ‘George I. Sánchez, Ideology, and Whiteness in the Making of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement, 1930-1960’. The Journal of Southern History 72.3 569–604. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/27649149>.

Carmichael, Stokely and Hamilton, Charles V. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America. Pelican Books. London: Cape, 1968. Print.

Carson, Clayborne and Levine, Toby Kleban. Eyes on the Prize: America’s Civil Rights Years : A Reader and Guide. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1987. Print.

Carter, Dan T. From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich: Race in the Conservative Counterrevolution, 1963-1994. Walter Lynwood Fleming lectures in Southern history. Baton Rouge: Louisana State University Press, 1996. Print.

---. The Politics of Rage: George Wallace, the Origins of the New Conservatism, and the Transformation of American Politics. 2nd Lousiana pbk. ed. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000. Print.

Cartwright, Joseph H. The Triumph of Jim Crow: Tennessee Race Relations in the 1880’s. Knoxville, Tenn: University of Tennessee Press, 1976. Print.

Chafe, William H. Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell about Life in the Segregated South. New York: New Press, 2001. Print.

Chalmers, David Mark. Hooded Americanism: The First Century of the Ku Klux Klan, 1865-1965. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965. Print.

Chan, Sucheng. Asian Americans: An Interpretive History. Twayne’s immigrant heritage of America series. London: Twayne, 1991. Print.

Cook, Robert. Sweet Land of Liberty?: The Black Struggle for Civil Rights in Twentieth-Century America. Studies in modern history. Harlow: Longman, 1998. Print.

Crespino, Joseph. In Search of Another Country: Mississippi and the Conservative Counterrevolution. Politics and society in twentieth-century America. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007. Print.

Daly, John Charles and American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Affirmative Action and the Constitution. AEI forums. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1987. Print.

Daniel, Pete and Foner, Eric. Standing at the Crossroads: Southern Life since 1900. American century series. New York: Hill and Wang, 1986. Print.

Daniels, Jessie. White Lies: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality in White Supremacist Discourse. London: Routledge, 1997. Print.

Daniels, Roger. Asian America: Chinese and Japanese in the United States since 1850. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1988. Print.

---. ‘Chapter 10: The Triumph of Nativism’. Coming to America. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1990. Print.

Daniels, Roger. Coming to America: A History of Immigration and Ethnicity in American Life. New York: HarperCollins, 1990. Print.

Daniels, Roger. Concentration Camps, North America: Japanese in the United States and Canada during World War II. Malabar, Fla: R.E. Krieger Pub. Co, 1981. Print.

Daniels, Roger and Kitano, Harry H. L. American Racism: Exploration of the Nature of Prejudice. London: Prentice-Hall International, 1970. Print.

Darder, Antonia and Torres, Rodolfo D. The Latino Studies Reader: Culture, Politics and Society. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998. Print.

Davis, Mike. Magical Urbanism: Latinos Reinvent the US City. Haymarket series. London: Verso, 2001. Print.

D’Emilio, John. ‘Homophobia and the Trajectory of Postwar American Radicalism: The Career of Bayard Rustin’. Radical History Review 62 (1995): 81–103. Print.

D’Emilio, John, and Estelle B. Freedman. Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America. 3rd ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2012. Print.

Devlin, Bernie. Intelligence, Genes, and Success: Scientists Respond to ‘The Bell Curve’. Statistics for social and behavorial sciences. New York: Copernicus, 1997. Print.

Dixon, Thomas. ‘The Fiery Cross’. The Clansman: An Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan. Doubleday, 1905. Print.

Du Bois, W. E. B. Black Reconstruction: An Essay toward a History of the Part Which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860-1880. New York: Russell & Russell. Print.

---. The Autobiography of W. E. B. DuBois: A Soliloquy on Viewing My Life from the Last Decade of Its First Century. [1st ed. New York]: International Publishers. Print.

---. The Negro. Galaxy book. London: Oxford University Press, 1915. Print.

---. The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches. London: Longmans, 1965. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5664136100002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Du Bois, W. E. B. and Aptheker, Herbert. Against Racism: Unpublished Essays, Papers, Addresses, 1887-1961. Amherst, Mass: University of Massachusetts Press, 1985. Print.

---. The Correspondence of W.E.B. Du Bois. Amherst, Mass: University of Massachusetts Press, 1973. Print.

---. The Education of Black People. Modern reader paperbacks. London: Monthly Review Press, 1975. Print.

Du Bois, W. E. B. and Foner, Philip S. W.E.B. Du Bois Speaks: Speeches and Addresses. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970. Print.

Edward J. Escobar. ‘The Dialectics of Repression: The Los Angeles Police Department and the Chicano Movement, 1968-1971’. The Journal of American History 79.4 1483–1514. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2080213>.

Eldridge Cleaver. ‘On Becoming”’. Soul on Ice. Granada, 1970. Print.

Eskew, Glenn T. But for Birmingham: The Local and National Movements in the Civil Rights Struggle. London: University of North Carolina Press, 1997. Print.

Fairclough, Adam. To Redeem the Soul of America: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King, Jr. London: University of Georgia Press, 1987. Print.

Feldman, Glenn. Before Brown: Civil Rights and White Backlash in the Modern South. Modern South. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2004. Print.

---. Painting Dixie Red: When, Where, Why, and How the South Became Republican. New perspectives on the history of the South. Gainesville, Fla: University Press of Florida, 2011. Print.

Ferber, Abby L. White Man Falling: Race, Gender, and White Supremacy. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998. Print.

Fitzhugh, George. Sociology for the South: Or, The Failure of Free Society. Cornell University Library Digital Collections. Richmond, Va: A. Morris, 1854. Print.

Fitzhugh, George and Wish, Harvey. Ante-Bellum: Writings of George Fitzhugh and Hinton Rowan Helper on Slavery. Capricorn Books. New York: Putnam, 1960. Print.

Fortune, Timothy Thomas. Black and White: Land, Labor and Politics in the South. Ebony classics. Chicago, Ill: Johnson, 1970. Print.

Frankenberg, Ruth. White Women, Race Matters: The Social Construction of Whiteness. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993. Web. <http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=10151059>.

Fraser, Steve, Herrnstein, R. J., and Murray, Charles A. The Bell Curve Wars: Race Intelligence and the Future of America. New York: Basic Books, 1995. Print.

Fuchs, Lawrence H. The American Kaleidoscope: Race, Ethnicity, and the Civic Culture. Hanover, N.H.: Wesleyan University Press, 1990. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5662444050002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Fullinwider, Robert K. The Reverse Discrimination Controversy: A Moral and Legal Analysis. Philosophy and society. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1980. Print.

Garcia, F. Chris. Latinos and the Political System. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 1988. Print.

García, Mario T. Mexican Americans: Leadership, Ideology & Identity, 1930-1960. Yale Western Americana series. London: Yale University Press, 1989. Print.

Garrow, David J. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York: W. Morrow, 1986. Print.

---. The FBI and Martin Luther King, Jr: From ‘Solo’ to Memphis. 1st ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1981. Print.

George Lewis. ‘Virginia’s Northern Strategy: Southern Segregationists and the Route to National Conservatism’. The Journal of Southern History 72.1 111–146. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/27648988>.

George Lipsitz. ‘The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: Racialized Social Democracy and the “White” Problem in American Studies’. American Quarterly 47.3 369–387. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2713291>.

Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. Defying Dixie: The Radical Roots of Civil Rights, 1919-1950. London: W. W. Norton, 2009. Print.

Glazer, Nathan. Affirmative Discrimination: Ethnic Inequality and Public Policy. London: Harvard University Press, 1987. Print.

Glazer, Nathan and Moynihan, Daniel Patrick. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City. 2nd ed. London: MIT Press, 1970. Print.

Gonzales, Manuel G. ‘Chapter 8: The Chicano Movement, 1965-1975’. Mexicanos: A History of Mexicans in the United States. 2nd ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5665769250002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Gregg Andrews. ‘Black Working-Class Political Activism and Biracial Unionism: Galveston Longshoremen in Jim Crow Texas, 1919-1921’. The Journal of Southern History 74.3 627–668. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/27650231>.

Hale, Grace Elizabeth. Making Whiteness: The Culture of Segregation in the South, 1890-1940. New York: Vintage Books, 1999. Print.

Hall, Stuart and University of East London. ‘Three Blind Mice: Rethinking Ethnicities’. 1993 : n. pag. Print.

Hammond, J. H. and Elliott, E. N. Cotton Is King, and pro-Slavery Arguments: Comprising the Writings of Hammond [and Others] on This Important Subject. Basic Afro-American reprint library. New York: Johnson Reprint Corp, 1968. Print.

Handlin, Oscar. Race and Nationality in American Life. Atlantic Monthly Press book. Boston, Mass: Little, Brown, 1957. Print.

Harlan, Louis R. Booker T. Washington: The Making of a Black Leader, 1856-1901. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972. Print.

---. Booker T Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee 1901-1915. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Print.

Hawkins, Hugh. Booker T. Washington and His Critics: The Problem of Negro Leadership. Problems in American civilization. Lexington, Mass: D.C. Heath, 1962. Print.

Henri, Florette. Black Migration: Movement North, 1900-1920. Anchor books ed. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1976. Print.

Herrnstein, R. J. and Murray, Charles A. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. London: The Free Press, 1994. Print.

---. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. [Printing with additional ‘Afterword’ p553-575]. London: A Free Press Paperbacks Book, 1996. Print.

Higham, John. ‘Chapter Ten: The Tribal Twenties (plus Notes)’. Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1988. Print.

---. Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1988. Print.

Hill, Mike. Whiteness: A Critical Reader. London: New York University Press, 1997. Print.

Hing, Bill Ong. Making and Remaking Asian America through Immigration Policy, 1850-1990. Asian America. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1993. Print.

Honey, Michael K. Southern Labor and Black Civil Rights: Organizing Memphis Workers. The working class in American history. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993. Print.

Howard N. Rabinowitz. ‘From Exclusion to Segregation: Southern Race Relations, 1865-1890’. The Journal of American History 63.2 (1976): 325–350. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1899640>.

---. ‘More Than the Woodward Thesis: Assessing the Strange Career of Jim Crow’. The Journal of American History 75.3 (1988): 842–856. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1901533>.

Howe, Stephen. Afrocentrism: Mythical Pasts and Imagined Homes. London: Verso, 1999. Print.

Hunsaker, Steven V. Autobiography and National Identity in the Americas. New World studies. London: University Press of Virginia, 1999. Print.

Hutchinson, George. The Harlem Renaissance in Black and White. London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1995. Print.

Irons, Peter H. Justice at War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Print.

Jacobson, Matthew Frye. Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race. London: Harvard University Press, 1998. Print.

Jenkins, William Sumner. Pro-Slavery Thought in the Old South. Gloucester, Mass: Paul Smith, 1960. Print.

John D’Emilio. ‘Homophobia and the Trajectory of Postwar American Radicalism: The Career of Bayard Rustin’. Homophobia and the Trajectory of Postwar American Radicalism: The Career of Bayard Rustin 62 (1995): n. pag. Print.

Johnson, Troy R., Nagel, Joane, and Champagne, Duane. American Indian Activism: Alcatraz to the Longest Walk. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press, 1997. Print.

Josephy, Alvin M., Nagel, Joane, and Johnson, Troy R. Red Power: The American Indians’ Fight for Freedom. 2nd ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999. Print.

Kelley, Blair Murphy. Right to Ride: Streetcar Boycotts and African American Citizenship in the Era of Plessy v. Ferguson. The John Hope Franklin series in African American history and culture. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2010. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5663961200002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Kelley, Robin D. G. Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists during the Great Depression. The Fred W. Morrison series in Southern studies. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1990. Print.

---. Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class. 1st Free Press paperback ed. New York: Free Press, 1996. Print.

Killian, Lewis M. The Impossible Revolution?: Black Power and the American Dream. Studies in sociology [Random House]. New York: Random House, 1968. Print.

Kincheloe, Joe L. et al. Measured Lies: ‘The Bell Curve’ Examined. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996. Print.

---. White Reign: Deploying Whiteness in America. New York: Macmillan, 1998. Print.

King, Desmond S. ‘Chapter 7: Enacting National Origins: The Johnson-Reed Immigration Act (1924)? (Plus Notes)’. Making Americans. Harvard University Press. Print.

King, Desmond S. Making Americans: Immigration, Race, and the Origins of the Diverse Democracy. London: Harvard University Press, 2000. Print.

Kirby, John B. Black Americans in the Roosevelt Era: Liberalism and Race. Twentieth century America series. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1980. Print.

Kraut, Alan M. The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921. The American history series. Arlington Heights, Ill: Harlan Davidson, 1982. Print.

Kruse, Kevin Michael. White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of Modern Conservatism. Politics and society in twentieth-century America. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2005. Print.

Lassiter, Matthew D. The Silent Majority: Suburban Politics in the Sunbelt South. Politics and society in twentieth-century America. Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006. Print.

Lassiter, Matthew D. ‘The Suburban Origins of "Color-Blind” Conservatism: Middle-Class Consciousness in the Charlotte Busing Crisis’. Journal of Urban History 30.4 (2004): 549–582. Web.

Lee, Rose Hum. The Chinese in the United States of America. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University PressLondon, 1960. Print.

Lefkowitz, Mary R. Not out of Africa: How Afrocentrism Became an Excuse to Teach Myth as History. Rev. ed. New York: BasicBooks, 1996. Print.

Lester, Julius. Look out, Whitey!: Black Power’s Gon’ Get Your Mama! NewYork: Grove Press, 1969. Print.

Levine, Ellen. A Fence Away from Freedom: Japanese Americans and World War II. New York: G.P. Putnam’s, 1995. Print.

Lieberson, Stanley. A Piece of the Pie: Blacks and White Immigrants since 1880. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. Print.

Livingston, John C. Fair Game?: Inequality and Affirmative Action. San Francisco, Calif: W.H. Freeman, 1979. Print.

Lott, Juanita Tamayo. Asian Americans: From Racial Category to Multiple Identities. Critical perspectives on Asian Pacific Americans series. London: Altamira Press, 1998. Print.

MacLean, Nancy. Behind the Mask of Chivalry: The Making of the Second Ku Klux Klan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5663612700002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Marable, Manning. Beyond Black and White: Transforming African-American Politics. 2nd ed. London: Verso, 2009. Print.

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McMillen, Neil R. Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press, 1990. Print.

Meier, August. Negro Thought in America, 1880-1915: Racial Ideologies in the Age of Booker T. Washington : With a New Introduction. Ann Arbor paperbacks. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Print.

Meier, August, Bracey, John H., and Rudwick, Elliott M. Black Protest in the Sixties. 2nd updated and enl. ed. New York: Markus Wiener Publishing, 1991. Print.

Mikiso Hane. ‘Wartime Internment’. The Journal of American History 77.2 569–575. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2079186>.

Mills, Charles W. Blackness Visible: Essays on Philosophy and Race. London: Cornell University Press, 1998. Print.

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Murray, David. Modern Indians: Native Americans in the Twentieth Century. BAAS pamphlets in American studies. Durham: British Association for American Studies, 1982. Print.

Neili, Russell. Racial Preference and Racial Justice: The New Affirmative Action Controversy. Washington D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Centre, 1990. Print.

Palumbo-Liu, David. Asian / American: Historical Crossings of a Racial Frontier. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1999. Print.

Pantell, Dora F. and Greenidge, Edwin. If Not Now, When?: The Many Meanings of Black Power. New York: Dell Publ. Co, 1969. Print.

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Richard B. Sherman. ‘“The Last Stand”: The Fight for Racial Integrity in Virginia in the 1920s’. The Journal of Southern History 54.1 69–92. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2208521>.

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Roediger, David R. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. Rev. ed. The Haymarket series. London: Verso, 1999. Print.

---. Towards the Abolition of Whiteness: Essays on Race, Politics, and Working Class History. The Haymarket series. London: Verso, 1994. Print.

Rogers, J. A. Sex and Race: A History of White, Negro, and Indian Miscegenation in the Two Americas, Vol.2: The New World. St. Petersburg, Fla: Helga M. Rogers, 1942. Print.

Romulo, Beth Day. Sexual Life between Blacks and Whites: The Roots of Racism. Apollo ed. New York: Thomas Y. Cromwell, 1974. Print.

Root, Maria P. P. The Multiracial Experience: Racial Borders as the New Frontier. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1996. Print.

Rosales, Francisco Arturo. Chicano!: The History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement. 2nd rev. ed. Houston, Tex: Arte Público Press, 1997. Print.

Salmond, John A. My Mind Set on Freedom: A History of the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968. The American ways series. Chicago, Ill: Ivan R. Dee, 1997. Print.

Schneider, Mark R. Boston Confronts Jim Crow, 1890-1920. Boston, Mass: Northeastern University Press, 1997. Print.

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SIMON HALL. ‘The American Gay Rights Movement and Patriotic Protest’. Journal of the History of Sexuality 19.3 536–562. Web. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/40986338>.

Smith, J. David. The Eugenic Assault on America: Scenes in Red, White, and Black. London: George Mason University Press. Print.

Smith, Page. Democracy on Trial: The Japanese American Evacuation and Relocation in World War II. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995. Print.

Smith, Paul Chaat and Warrior, Robert Allen. Like a Hurricane: The Indian Movement from Alcatraz to Wounded Knee. New York: New Press, 1996. Print.

Spencer, Samuel R. Booker T. Washington and the Negro’s Place in American Life. Library of American biography. Boston, Mass: Little, Brown, 1955. Print.

Steinberg, Stephen. Turning Back: The Retreat from Racial Justice in American Thought and Policy. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press, 1995. Print.

Takaki, Ronald T., Stefoff, Rebecca, and Takaki, Carol. Democracy and Race: Asian Americans and World War II. Asian American experience. New York: Chelsea House, 1995. Print.

Theoharis, Jeanne and Woodard, Komozi. Freedom North: Black Freedom Struggles Outside the South, 1940-1980. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Print.

Thornbrough, Emma Lou. Booker T. Washington. Great lives observed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969. Print.

Tindall, George Brown. The Emergence of the New South, 1913-1945. A history of the South. [Baton Rouge]: Louisiana State U.P., 1967. Print.

United States. Martin Luther King, Jr: The FBI Files. [Saint Louis Park]: Filiquarian Publishing, 2007. Print.

Van Deburg, William L. ‘Chapter Six: Black Power and American Culture: Literary and Performing Arts’. New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965-1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Print.

---. New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965-1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Print.

---. New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965-1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Print.

Vargas, Zaragosa. Labor Rights Are Civil Rights: Mexican American Workers in Twentieth-Century America. Politics and society in twentieth-century America. Woodstock: Princeton University Press, 2008. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5664016040002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

Verney, Kevern and Sartain, Lee. Long Is the Way and Hard: One Hundred Years of the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NAACP). Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2009. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5664380150002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

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Washington, Booker T. Up from Slavery: An Autobiography. South Bend, IN: Infomotions, Inc, 2001. Web. <http://ezproxy.lib.le.ac.uk/login?url=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/leicester/Doc?id=5001120>.

Washington, Joseph R. Marriage in Black and White. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press, 1970. Print.

Webb, Clive. Massive Resistance: Southern Opposition to the Second Reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Web. <http://le.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=5663405280002746&institutionId=2746&customerId=2745>.

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White, John. Black Leadership in America from Booker T. Washington to Jesse Jackson. 2nd ed. Studies in modern history. London: Longman, 1990. Print.

---. Black Leadership in America from Booker T. Washington to Jesse Jackson. 2nd ed. Studies in modern history. London: Longman, 1990. Print.

---. Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Civil Rights Movement in America. BAAS pamphlets in American studies. [S.l.]: British Association for American Studies, 1991. Print.

Williamson, Joel. New People: Miscegenation and Mulattoes in the United States. New York: Free Press, 1980. Print.

Woodward, C. Vann. Origins of the New South, 1877-1913. A history of the South. Baton Rouge, La: Louisiana State University Press, 1951. Print.

---. The Strange Career of Jim Crow. Commemorative ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Print.